Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/228838 
Year of Publication: 
2021
Series/Report no.: 
Discussion Paper No. 5/2021
Publisher: 
Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), Bonn
Abstract: 
One decade after the Arab uprisings of 2010/11, the present discussion paper revisits processes of political change in the Middle East and North Africa MENA) with a focus on the question of systemic change. Core questions in this context are: How, among all possible varieties of political change, do we know when political change is systemic? When do we speak of "democratisation", and when of "authoritarian upgrading" or "- re-consolidation"? Can we predict such processes? If not, can we at least tell when systemic transition is more or less likely to occur, and what influences its occurrence? The three parts of this discussion paper build on one another in order to address and answer these puzzles.
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
ISBN: 
978-3-96021-142-6
Creative Commons License: 
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Document Type: 
Working Paper

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