Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/227370 
Year of Publication: 
2020
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 13843
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
We examine whether the COVID-19 crisis affects women and men differently in terms of employment, working hours and hourly wages outcomes, and whether the effects are demand or supply driven. COVID-19 impacts are studied using administrative data on all Dutch employees up to 30 June 2020, focussing on the national lockdown and the emergency childcare for essential workers in the Netherlands. First, we find that the impact of COVID-19 is much larger for non-essential workers than for essential workers. Although, on average, women and men are equally affected, female non-essential workers are more affected than male non-essential workers. Second, partnered individuals with young children are equally affected by the crisis as others, irrespective of gender and spousal employment. Third, single-parent essential workers experience relatively large negative labour supply effects, suggesting emergency childcare was not sufficient for this group. However, overall, labour demand effects appear more important than labour supply effects.
Subjects: 
COVID-19
gender
employment
hours worked
lockdown
essential workers
JEL: 
J13
J16
J20
J64
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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