Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/212986 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
2017
Series/Report no.: 
BoF Economics Review No. 1/2017
Publisher: 
Bank of Finland, Helsinki
Abstract: 
We estimate the long-term natural rate of interest for the euro area with two specifications of a simple semi-structural macroeconomic model. The estimates provide competing interpretations for the euro area’s current economic environment of weak growth, subdued inflation and exceptionally low nominal interest rates. In our first estimation, the current state of economy is attributed to persistent, recurring negative shocks to the output gap that restrain growth even when expansionary monetary policies are applied. The second estimation suggests that a large drop in the natural rate of interest is the problem, because, even with interest rates held close to zero, policy actions have not been able to revive the economy after major shocks in 2008, 2012 and 2016. As both views may explain some of the observed trends, the task of teasing out the drivers of current conditions and future trends is non-trivial. Nevertheless, policymakers should pay attention to both stories as they have quite different endings.
Subjects: 
euro area monetary policy
natural rate of interest
JEL: 
C32
E43
E52
O40
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Research Report

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