Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/195727 
Year of Publication: 
2018
Citation: 
[Journal:] International Journal of Financial Studies [ISSN:] 2227-7072 [Volume:] 6 [Issue:] 3 [Publisher:] MDPI [Place:] Basel [Year:] 2018 [Pages:] 1-15
Publisher: 
MDPI, Basel
Abstract: 
Fifty years ago, I published the initial, classic version of the Z-score bankruptcy prediction models. This multivariate statistical model has remained perhaps the most well-known, and more importantly, most used technique for providing an early warning signal of firm financial distress by academics and practitioners on a global basis. It also has been used by scholars as a benchmark of credit risk measurement in countless empirical studies. Practical applications of the Altman Z-score model have also been numerous and can be divided into two main categories: (1) from an external analytical standpoint, and (2) from an internal to the distressed firm viewpoint. This paper discusses a number of applications from the former's standpoint and in doing so, we hope, also provides a roadmap for extensions beyond those already identified.
Subjects: 
Altman Z-score
bankruptcy prediction
fixed income investments
equity investments
ratings
regulators
auditors
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by Logo
Document Type: 
Article

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