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Autor:innen: 
Erscheinungsjahr: 
2019
Verlag: 
ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, Kiel, Hamburg
Zusammenfassung: 
This paper proposes a model of optimal tax-induced transfer pricing with a fuzzy arm's length parameter. Fuzzy numbers provide a suitable structure for modelling the ambiguity that is intrinsic to the arm's length parameter. For the usual conditions regarding the anti-shifting mechanisms, the optimal transfer price becomes a maximising a-cut of the fuzzy arm's length parameter. Nonetheless, we show that it is profitable for firms to choose any maximising transfer price if the probability of tax audit is sufficiently low, even if the chosen price is considered a completely non-arm's length price by tax authorities. In this case, we derive the necessary and sufficient conditions to prevent this extreme shifting strategy.
Schlagwörter: 
fuzzy profit shifting
transfer pricing
tax evasion
tax enforcement
tax penalty
JEL: 
F23
H26
K34
Sonstige Angaben: 
Ongoing unpublished resarch. The usual disclaimer applies.
Dokumentart: 
Working Paper

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