Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/18917 
Year of Publication: 
2004
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 1279
Publisher: 
Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo), Munich
Abstract: 
This paper argues that openness to goods trade in combination with an unequal distribution of political power has been a major determinant of the comparatively slow development of resource- or land-abundant regions like South America and the Caribbean in the nineteenth century. We develop a two-sector general equilibrium model with a tax-financed public sector, and show that in a feudal society (dominated by landed elites) productivity-enhancing public investments like the provision of schooling are typically lower in an open than in a closed economy. Moreover, we find that, under openness to trade, development is faster in a democratic system. We also endogenize the trade regime and demonstrate that, in political equilibrium, a land-abundant and landowner-dominated economy supports openness to trade. Finally, we discuss empirical evidence which strongly supports our basic hypotheses.
Subjects: 
economic development
institutions
political system
public education
trade
JEL: 
O10
N16
N10
F43
H50
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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