Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/180017 
Year of Publication: 
2018
Series/Report no.: 
GLO Discussion Paper No. 223
Publisher: 
Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht
Abstract: 
Very few studies currently exist on the long-term impacts of schooling policies in developing countries. We examine the impacts—half a century later—of a mass education program conducted by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in the occupied areas during the First Indochina War. Difference-in-difference estimation results suggest that school-age children who were exposed to the program obtained significantly higher levels of education than their peers who were residing in French-occupied areas. The impacts are statistically significant for school-age girls and not for school-age boys. We find beneficial spillover and inter-generational impacts of education: affected girls enjoyed higher household living standards, had more educated spouses, and raised more educated children. We discuss various robustness checks and extensions that support these findings.
Subjects: 
education achievement
reading literacy
school policy
popular education
difference-in-difference
long-term impact
war
JEL: 
H0
I2
O1
P3
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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