Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/163547 
Year of Publication: 
2017
Series/Report no.: 
ISER Working Paper Series No. 2017-04
Publisher: 
University of Essex, Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), Colchester
Abstract: 
Historically, improvements municipal drinking water quality contributed significantly to mortality decline in wealthy countries. However, water disinfection has not produced equivalent benefits in developing countries today. We investigate this puzzle by analyzing a large-scale municipal water disinfection program in Mexico in 1991 that dramatically increased access to chlorinated water. On average, we find that the program led to a 37 to 48% decline in diarrheal mortality among children and was highly cost-effective ($1,310 per life-year saved). However, age (degradation) of water pipes and insufficient complementary sanitation infrastructure attenuated these benefits. Countervailing behavioral responses, although present, appear to be less important.
Subjects: 
clean water
chlorination
child mortality
infectious disease
diarrhea
Mexico
cost-effectiveness
sanitation
behavioral responses
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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