Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/161500 
Year of Publication: 
2016
Series/Report no.: 
WIDER Working Paper No. 2016/117
Publisher: 
The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), Helsinki
Abstract: 
In this study, we embark on measuring inequality in Iran. We compute three measures of group-based inequality (Group-weighted Coefficient of Variation, Group-weighted Gini, and Group-weighted Theil) for the following outcomes: education, assets, income, and expenditure per capita. The groups are defined based on gender, ethnicity/language (Persian, Azeri, and other ethnic minorities), and region (urban versus rural and capital city versus other places) using 23 years of annual Household Expenditure and Income Surveys (HEIS) from 1990 through 2012. Inequality between groups based on religion (Muslim, non-Muslim), citizenship (Iranian, Non-Iranian) are also studied using the 2006 census. Our analysis of the trend of horizontal inequality reveals substantial reduction in between-group inequalities over the 1990-2012 period. Yet, gender based income inequality remains high. The implications and underlying reasons for these results are discussed.
Subjects: 
group-based inequality
inequality among ethnicities
gender inequality
regional inequality
Iran
JEL: 
D63
I24
I39
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
ISBN: 
978-92-9256-161-1
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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