Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/161175 
Year of Publication: 
2017
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 10552
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
We analyse the gender-specific effects of trade liberalization on work participation and hours of work and primary participation in domestic duties in Indonesia. We show that female work participation increased in relative terms in regions that were more exposed to input tariff reductions, whereas the effects of output tariff changes were much less pronounced. When looking at the potential channels for these effects, we find that in Indonesia the structure of initial protection was considerably more female-biased than skill-biased and hence reductions in input tariffs have especially benefited sectors with a larger initial concentration of female workers. This has led to a relative expansion of more female intensive sectors as well as to a decrease in gender segregation of occupation, especially among the low skilled. We also find that labour markets are a key channel through which trade liberalization affects marriage decisions. Delayed marriage among both sexes is related to input tariff liberalization, especially in the younger cohorts, as the improved labour opportunities for women reduce the returns to marriage.
Subjects: 
labour force participation
gender inequality
marriage
trade liberalization
Indonesia
JEL: 
F13
F16
J12
J16
J21
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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