Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/161039 
Year of Publication: 
2016
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 10416
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
In this paper we use confidential-use Census and administrative data to produce the first national estimates of excess mortality, institutionalization and homelessness for the largest Indigenous population in Canada from the ages of 5 to 64. We identify mortality rates at least twice the Canadian average and find exceptionally high mortality rates for young Indigenous women and girls – up to four times the Canadian average at certain ages. We show mortality rates are even higher on reserve – up to five times the Canadian average. These relative mortality rates are higher than the relative mortality rates of African Americans and the Native Americans to non-Hispanics in the United States. We also estimate very high rates of institutionalization and homelessness, especially among men and as a result there are stark gender ratio imbalances among this population. We speculate that this gender imbalance may play a role in excess female mortality in addition to several other socioeconomic factors.
Subjects: 
mortality
First Nations
Native American
Status Indian
homelessness
institutionalization
gender bias
JEL: 
J10
J15
J16
O15
I15
I14
I32
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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