Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/154437 
Year of Publication: 
2017
Series/Report no.: 
ECB Working Paper No. 2004
Publisher: 
European Central Bank (ECB), Frankfurt a. M.
Abstract: 
We develop a theoretical model that features a business cycle-dependent relation between out- put, price inflation and inflation expectations, augmenting the model by Svensson (1997) with a nonlinear Phillips curve that reflects the rationale underlying the capacity constraint theory (Macklem (1997)). The theoretical model motivates our empirical assessment for the euro area, based on a regime-switching Phillips curve and a regime-switching monetary structural VAR, employing different filter-based, semi-structural model-based and Bayesian factor model-implied output gaps. The analysis confirms the presence of a pronounced convex relationship between inflation and the output gap, meaning that the coefficient in the Phillips curve on the output gap recurringly increases during times of expansion and abates during recessions. The regime switching VAR reveals the business cycle dependence of macroeconomic responses to monetary policy shocks: Expansionary monetary policy induces less pressure on inflation at times of weak as opposed to strong growth; thereby rationalizing relatively stronger expansionary policy, including unconventional volume-based policy such as the Expanded Asset Purchase Programme (EAPP) of the ECB, during times of deep recession.
Subjects: 
euro area
inflation targeting
monetary policy
monetary VAR
nonlinearity
Phillips curve
JEL: 
E31
E42
E52
E58
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
ISBN: 
978-92-899-2726-0
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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