Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/154128 
Year of Publication: 
2014
Series/Report no.: 
ECB Working Paper No. 1695
Publisher: 
European Central Bank (ECB), Frankfurt a. M.
Abstract: 
One of the main stylised facts that has emerged from the recent literature on global value chains is that bilateral trade imbalances in gross terms can differ substantially from those measured in value added terms. However, the factors underlying the extent and sign of the differences between the two measures have so far not been investigated. Here, we propose a novel decomposition of bilateral gross trade balances that accounts for the differences between gross and value added concepts. The bilateral analysis contributes conceptually to the literature on double counting in trade by identifying the trade flow in which value added is actually recorded for the first time in international trade statistics. We apply our decomposition framework to the development of intra-EU27 trade balances from 1995-2011 and show that a growing share of intra-EU bilateral trade balances is due to demand in countries other than the two direct trading partners.
Subjects: 
global value chains
Input-output tables
trade balances
value added
vertical specialisation
JEL: 
F1
F2
C67
R15
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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