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    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/96452</link>
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    <pubDate>Wed, 29 Apr 2026 16:18:52 GMT</pubDate>
    <dc:date>2026-04-29T16:18:52Z</dc:date>
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      <title>A 2019 Social Accounting Matrix for Benin with detailed representation of agriculture and food processing sectors</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/253338</link>
      <description>Title: A 2019 Social Accounting Matrix for Benin with detailed representation of agriculture and food processing sectors
Authors: Kinkpe, A. Thierry; Luckmann, Jonas; Grethe, Harald; Siddig, Khalid
Abstract: This paper presents a detailed 2019 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Benin as a basis for policy analysis with a focus on agriculture, food processing and energy generation from byproducts. It is based on official statistics collected from national and international institutions (national statistical office, ministry of agriculture and related research institutions, central bank, World Bank, United Nations) and complemented with data collected from stakeholders within the domestic processing sector and NGOs supporting agriculture and food processing. A top-down approach was followed starting with national accounts data to build a consistent macro-SAM. The values in the macro-SAM were used as macro-totals while disaggregating a prior micro-SAM (with minor imbalances), which is estimated using the Cross-Entropy method. The micro-SAM contains 127 accounts: 47 activities (19 agricultural, 12 food processing, 9 non-food industries, construction and 6 service sectors); 51 commodities (21 agricultural, 13 food processing, 10 non-food industries, construction and 6 service commodities); 3 margins; 4 production factors; 10 household groups (rural and urban income quintiles), the government as well as 6 tax accounts; enterprises, 2 savings/investment accounts (private and public) and 2 foreign accounts (Nigeria and the rest of the world). The estimated SAM reflects total GDP at factor cost at FCFA 7.7 trillion (about US$ 13.1 billions). Services, agriculture, construction, non-food industry and food industry contribute 60.3%, 29.1%, 5.2%, 2.7% and 2.6% respectively to GDP. Labour and land are the most important income sources for low income households while capital and labour provide most of the income of high-income households.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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    <item>
      <title>A 2019 Social Accounting Matrix for Kenya including malaria epidemiological and agroecological zones</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/286376</link>
      <description>Title: A 2019 Social Accounting Matrix for Kenya including malaria epidemiological and agroecological zones
Authors: Hamad Mohammed, Zuhal Elnour; Siddig, Khalid; Grethe, Harald
Abstract: This paper documents the development of a 2019 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Kenya. A special feature of this SAM is its spatial disaggregation according to malaria epidemiological and agroecological zones. It is built using data from the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (e.g., the economic survey 2021 and the 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census), the Central Bank of Kenya (i.e., the Diaspora Remittances Survey), the Kenya Ministry of Health (i.e., the Kenya Malaria Strategy 2019-2023), the 2019 SAM for Kenya, constructed by Thurlow (2021), and the 2017 Kenyan SAM, developed by Ferrari et al. (2020). Compared to the existing Kenyan SAMs, this SAM has two vital features. First, it includes 30 labour categories, disaggregated by skill levels and malaria epidemiological and agroecological zones. Second, households are classified into 40 representative groups according to residence place, income quantiles, and malaria epidemiological and agroecological zones. Consequently, this SAM is a valuable database for conducting economy-wide analysis of health policies, e.g., assessing the implications of implementing malaria control and elimination strategies or changes in labour availability due to malaria effects on morbidity and mortality.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://hdl.handle.net/10419/286376</guid>
      <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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      <title>A 2018 Social Accounting Matrix for Germany depicting waste and recycling accounts for a circular economy</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/286373</link>
      <description>Title: A 2018 Social Accounting Matrix for Germany depicting waste and recycling accounts for a circular economy
Authors: Elshof, Gero; Luckmann, Jonas Jens; Siddig, Khalid
Abstract: The 2018 SAM for Germany comprises of 160 accounts including 63 activities, 85 commodities, margins, labor, capital, household, government, social contributions, taxes on products, activity tax, direct tax, stock change, savings and investment and the rest of the world. It is entirely based on data from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany (Destatis), which guarantees the highest possible degree of data-consistency. Because the initial version of the SAM (Proto-SAM) has imbalances in the government, savings and investment and the rest of the world accounts, a balanced SAM is estimated using the cross-entropy method. To ensure the consistency of the data through the estimation process, macro totals are enforced as controls for total imports, total value-added, total private consumption, total government consumption and total exports.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://hdl.handle.net/10419/286373</guid>
      <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A 2017 Social Accounting Matrix for Chile</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/253337</link>
      <description>Title: A 2017 Social Accounting Matrix for Chile
Authors: Marentis, Alonso Gonzalez; Luckmann, Jonas; Siddig, Khalid
Abstract: A detailed Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Chile is developed for the year 2017. The main data source for developing the SAM is the Central Bank of Chile, from which a 2017 Inputoutput Table (IOT), the national accounts and the Integrated Economic Table (IET) are obtained. Additional sources are used to disaggregate the accounts for the SAM, including household and labor surveys. The developed SAM includes 24 activities, 37 commodities, three production factors (capital and two types of labor classified by skill level), enterprises, households (disaggregated to five income quintiles), the government, 4 types of taxes, investment, stock changes, margins, and rest of the world. To allow detailed representation of the agricultural sector, agriculture is disaggregated into 12 activities and 24 commodities, while industry and services are represented by three and 9 subsectors, respectively.</description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <dc:date>2021-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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