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    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/67411</link>
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    <pubDate>Sat, 02 May 2026 05:31:58 GMT</pubDate>
    <dc:date>2026-05-02T05:31:58Z</dc:date>
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      <title>Irrelevance of competitive advantage for the benefits of international trade</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/67418</link>
      <description>Title: Irrelevance of competitive advantage for the benefits of international trade
Authors: Siggel, Eckhard
Abstract: International competitiveness is often regarded as crucial for the attainment of gains from trade, which may lead policy makers to subsidize exports. This view is based on confusion between the concepts of competitive and comparative advantage. The paper argues that when comparative advantage is defined and measured appropriately, not limiting it to the Ricardian and Heckscher-Ohlin models, it becomes a necessary condition for the attainment of gains from trade and it applies to all forms of trade that lead to economy-wide gains. The paper proceeds by reviewing first the concepts and measurements of comparative and competitive advantage. It shows that in order to result in economy-wide benefits, known as gains from trade, trade needs to be based on comparative advantage. It also points to implications for the design of trade and industrial policies.</description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <dc:date>2012-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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      <title>The impact of institutional arrangements on educational efficiency</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/67423</link>
      <description>Title: The impact of institutional arrangements on educational efficiency
Authors: Collier, Trevor C.
Abstract: Per pupil expenditures on education in the United States have grown immensely in recent decades, yet student achievement has been stagnant. An abundance of research has sought to solve this enigma, much of it centered on the incentive structure facing administrators. Some recent papers use TIMSS data to analyze the relationship between institutional arrangements-that typically do not vary within a single country-and student achievement. Similarly, we utilize TIMSS 1999 to determine if there is an indirect relationship between institutional arrangements and student achievement, via a relationship with school efficiency. Our results show that the specified link between institutional arrangements and student achievement (direct or indirect) is important in certain instances and confirm evidence found in previous research that certain arrangements are beneficial or detrimental to student achievement, regardless of the specification chosen.</description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <dc:date>2012-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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      <title>Are exchange rates really free from seasonality? An exploratory analysis on monthly time series</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/67428</link>
      <description>Title: Are exchange rates really free from seasonality? An exploratory analysis on monthly time series
Authors: Cellini, Roberto; Cuccia, Tiziana
Abstract: This study deals with the seasonality of monthly time series of nominal exchange rates. Available literature overlooks seasonality in nominal bilateral exchange rates, and generally assumes that such rates are non-seasonal. We show that seasonality is absent in recent data, while it was present in selected cases from the Seventies and Eighties of the past century. We suggest that these pieces of evidence are consistent with the general equilibrium models of exchange rate determination.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <dc:date>2011-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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      <title>Government ideology, democracy and the sacrifice ratio: Evidence from Latin American and Caribbean Disinflations</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/67431</link>
      <description>Title: Government ideology, democracy and the sacrifice ratio: Evidence from Latin American and Caribbean Disinflations
Authors: Caporale, Tony
Abstract: This study uses a sample of 34 disinflations undertaken by thirteen Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) nations to test if political institutions impact the cost of policy induced disinflations. We find, after controlling for several of the most important covariates in the literature, that disinflations are less costly for right vs left governments and that sacrifice ratios are lower for more democratic vs authoritarian governmental regimes. This is robust to different measures of government ideology as well as to alternative ways of computing the sacrifice ratio and lends support for political economy literature which argues that political institutions have significant macroeconomic effects.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <dc:date>2011-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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