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    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/54957</link>
    <description />
    <pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2026 11:56:06 GMT</pubDate>
    <dc:date>2026-04-30T11:56:06Z</dc:date>
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      <title>The fertility transition in Sub-Saharan Africa: The role of structural change</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/251969</link>
      <description>Title: The fertility transition in Sub-Saharan Africa: The role of structural change
Authors: Büttner, Nicolas; Grimm, Michael; Günther, Isabel; Harttgen, Kenneth; Klasen, Stephan
Abstract: Despite relatively sustained economic growth in at least parts of Sub-Saharan Africa over the past twenty years, the fertility transition has not much advanced in most countries in that region. We explore whether the lack of structural change can explain this slow transition. For this end, we analyze the determinants of fertility transitions across the developing world using a novel regional level panel dataset created by matching Demographic and Health Surveys and Household Income Surveys from 60 countries over three decades. Our key hypothesis is that structural change, i.e. a shift of employment from subsistence agriculture to more skill-intensive services, accompanied by an increase in human capital accumulation, is a key driver of the fertility transition. Our results indicate that higher education of women, female employment in non-agricultural formal jobs and industrialization as measured by an increase in nighttime light intensity are indeed important determinants of the fertility transition. We also find suggestive evidence for a complementary role of access to health insurance. Simulations show that if high-fertility countries in Sub-Saharan Africa had experienced the same structural change as the most demographically advanced regions in our sample over the last twenty years, fertility levels would be up to 40% lower.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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      <title>Firms under pressure: International trade and social activism</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/251767</link>
      <description>Title: Firms under pressure: International trade and social activism
Authors: Löhnert, Claudius
Abstract: Activists denouncing firms for what they consider unethical conduct (e.g., poor treatment of labor or practices that are harmful to the environment) often pressure firms through consumer boycotts. This paper presents a model of international trade with heterogeneous firms and endogenous campaigns conducted by social activists. Being the target of campaigns damages the reputation of a firm, reducing the perceived quality and therefore sales of its variety. Campaigns require funding by consumers who support the activists' mission. The paper analyzes the effect of such demand-reducing campaigns on firms. It identifies a feedback effect of campaigns that increases mark-ups in the presence of social activism, which stems from large firms attracting more campaigns while campaigns also decrease sales. The paper further shows that social activism reduces the elasticity of bilateral trade flows with respect to trade costs.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://hdl.handle.net/10419/251767</guid>
      <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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      <title>Plausible deniability: Integration vs. outsourcing with heterogeneous firms and unethical suppliers</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/251768</link>
      <description>Title: Plausible deniability: Integration vs. outsourcing with heterogeneous firms and unethical suppliers
Authors: Löhnert, Claudius
Abstract: This paper presents a property rights model of the international organization of production, where heterogeneous headquarter firms source from suppliers in the Global South. Due to weak regulatory stringency in the Global South, suppliers can employ a cost-saving technology. Consumers, however, consider this technology as unethical and may therefore participate in a consumer boycott, if they consider a firm to be responsible for its supplier's conduct. The paper analyzes how the international organization of production and the choice of technology interact with each other as well as sectoral characteristics. It identifies three mechanisms that govern whether integration is preferred by high-productivity firms in a given sector: the Antràs mechanism (severity of underinvestment by headquarter vs. supplier), the unethical mechanism (cost savings vs. boycott risk) and the deniability mechanism (higher boycott risk under integration than under outsourcing). The equilibrium share of active firms who integrate in a sector increases with productivity dispersion and decreases in the sector's cost advantage of unethical production.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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      <title>Does information help to overcome public resistance to carbon prices? Evidence from an information provision experiment</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/262013</link>
      <description>Title: Does information help to overcome public resistance to carbon prices? Evidence from an information provision experiment
Authors: Cantner, Fabienne; Rolvering, Geske
Abstract: To study how different economic information affect people's perceptions and attitudes towards carbon prices, we conduct an online survey experiment in a representative sample of the German voting population. We find that providing information about the efficiency of carbon prices as well as on international emission levels and carbon price initiatives changes people's perceptions and their support. Information about the possibility and benefits of revenue recycling, however, only affect the views of very specific subgroups of the population, such as individuals with low income or high trust in the government. Moreover, we find that none of the information affects the perceptions and support of climate change skeptics.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://hdl.handle.net/10419/262013</guid>
      <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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