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    <title>EconStor Community:</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/204711</link>
    <description />
    <pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 16:53:59 GMT</pubDate>
    <dc:date>2026-04-28T16:53:59Z</dc:date>
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      <title>Foreign aid and female empowerment</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/280878</link>
      <description>Title: Foreign aid and female empowerment
Authors: Perrotta Berlin, Maria; Bonnier, Evelina; Olofsgård, Anders
Abstract: We estimate the community-level impact of foreign aid projects on women's empowerment in the country with the most complete recent record of geo-coded aid project placement, Malawi. Our estimates can thus be interpreted as the average impact of aid from many different donors and diverse projects. We find that aid in general has a positive impact, in particular on an index of female agency and women's sexual and fertility preferences. Gender-targeted aid has a further positive impact on women's sexual and fertility preferences, and more tentatively on an index focusing on gender-based violence. However, the positive impact of gender-targeted aid disappears in patrilineal communities, and men's attitudes towards female agency in the areas of sexuality and fertility are even negatively affected. This suggests that donors need to consider that the impact of aid on female empowerment can depend on the community context when they decide on aid project design and placement.</description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://hdl.handle.net/10419/280878</guid>
      <dc:date>2023-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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    <item>
      <title>International spillovers from prostitution regulation: The "Nordic model" and sex tourism</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/280877</link>
      <description>Title: International spillovers from prostitution regulation: The "Nordic model" and sex tourism
Authors: Perrotta Berlin, Maria; Latour, Chiara; Spagnolo, Giancarlo
Abstract: We investigate the causal effect of the asymmetric criminalization of prostitution on sex tourism. We exploit legal reforms in five countries that switched from systems where prostitution was legal (Norway, Sweden, Ireland, Canada), or where only buying sex was legal (France), to the "Nordic model" where only buying is criminalized. Using a difference-in-differences approach on data from Google trends and tourism statistics, we estimate the impact of the reforms on tourism flows to neighboring countries and popular sex tourism destinations. We find significant effects for countries where prostitution was legal, but not for France where selling sex was prohibited.</description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://hdl.handle.net/10419/280877</guid>
      <dc:date>2023-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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    <item>
      <title>Media coverage and pandemic behaviour: Evidence from Sweden</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/280879</link>
      <description>Title: Media coverage and pandemic behaviour: Evidence from Sweden
Authors: Garz, Marcel; Zhuang, Maiting
Abstract: We study the effect of media coverage on individual behaviour during a public health crisis. For this purpose, we collect a unique dataset of 200,000 newspaper articles about the Covid-19 pandemic from Sweden - one of the few countries that did not impose mandatory lockdowns or curfews. We show that mentions of Covid-19 significantly lowered the number of visits to workplaces and retail and recreation areas, while increasing the duration of stays in residential locations. Using two different identification strategies, we show that these effects are causal. The impacts are largest when Covid-19 news stories are more locally relevant, more visible and more factual. We find larger behavioural effects for articles that reference crisis managers (as opposed to medical experts) and contain explicit public health advice. These results have wider implications for the design of public communications and the value of the local media.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://hdl.handle.net/10419/280879</guid>
      <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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      <title>I'll pay you later: Sustaining relationships under the threat of expropriation</title>
      <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/280881</link>
      <description>Title: I'll pay you later: Sustaining relationships under the threat of expropriation
Authors: Paltseva, Elena; Toews, Gerhard; Troya-Martinez, Marta
Abstract: Contracts between governments and international firms are difficult to enforce, especially under weak institutions: governments are tempted to renegotiate tax payments after investments occurred. Theoretically, such a hold-up problem is solved by using selfenforcing agreements that increase the value of sustaining the relationship over time. By delaying production, tax payments and investments, firm's threat to terminate following a renegotiation becomes more effective. Using rich proprietary data on the oil and gas industry, we show that contracts between the oil majors and petro-rich economies with weak institutions are indeed delayed relative to countries with strong institutions. To push for a causal interpretation, we show that this backloading in countries with weak institutions only emerges in early 1970s. We attribute this to a change in the international view towards countries' sovereignty over natural resources brought by the poswar weakning of the OECD countries. This new world order made it politically difficult for developed countries to continue the established practice of military interventions to back up the enforcement of the contracts of their oil firms. Fading of (military) enforcement, together with the absence of local legal enforcement, triggered the need to backload the contracts.</description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">https://hdl.handle.net/10419/280881</guid>
      <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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