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    <title>EconStor Collection:</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/264901</link>
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        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/340038" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/338100" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/308087" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/309432" />
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    <dc:date>2026-05-09T19:52:25Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/340038">
    <title>Structural liquidity shortfalls, competition and macroeconomic stability: Conceptual synthesis of economic growth dependencies</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/340038</link>
    <description>Title: Structural liquidity shortfalls, competition and macroeconomic stability: Conceptual synthesis of economic growth dependencies
Authors: Vuorinen, Katariina E. M.
Abstract: It has been proposed that stagnating and contracting economies experience macroeconomic instability due to so-called "economic growth dependencies". Yet, this concept has remained macroeconomically ambiguous, leaving unclear whether and under what conditions such dependencies may rise, leading to numerous, heterogeneous, and sometimes contradictory proposals for purported economic growth dependency mechanisms. This paper applies a post-Keynesian lens on the question of economic growth dependencies and presents a conceptual synthesis, demonstrating that the diversity, heterogeneity and inconsistencies of economic growth dependencies suggested by literature are only apparent. Stock-flow consistent approach shows that economic growth dependency, sensu stricto, comes down to one clearly definable macroeconomic mechanism: asymmetric monetary circulation where certain agents or sectors experience persistent structural liquidity shortfalls creating pressures for continued expansion of aggregate economic activity. This dynamic, however, results in structurally enforced growth only if the liquidity shortfalls cannot be resolved through redistribution or expansion of monetary supply in a competitive market environment. By using this synthesis, the paper refines conceptual boundaries of economic growth dependency and defines the necessary and sufficient conditions under which such dependency arises, clarifying the terminological debate and laying the foundation for a macroeconomically consistent theory of economic growth dependency. The paper will also demonstrate that different economic traditions (post-Keynesian, neoclassical, and ecological economics) hold differing views on economic growth dependencies due to differing model structures.</description>
    <dc:date>2026-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/338100">
    <title>Is GDP growth necessary to maintain pensions? An empirical analysis of public pension spending and benefits in the OECD</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/338100</link>
    <description>Title: Is GDP growth necessary to maintain pensions? An empirical analysis of public pension spending and benefits in the OECD
Authors: Palomera, David; Starke, Peter
Abstract: The literature on growth dependencies increasingly calls for post-growth welfare states capable of functioning without reliance on GDP growth in order to remain within planetary limits. Yet empirical research on the relationship between welfare state arrangements and economic growth remains remarkably scarce, even in policy domains where growth dependence appears most plausible, such as pensions. Using panel data of 20 OECD countries from 1971 to 2022, we examine the relationship between public pension spending per capita and replacement rates (i.e. benefit generosity) on the one hand, and GDP per capita on the other. We find that while pension spending per capita remains partially coupled to GDP, pension replacement rates have become decoupled - and in many instances negatively coupled - already at relatively modest income levels. This is consistent with the literature on the social limits to growth, where decoupling likewise occurs at modest income levels. We find that labor-market factors - especially labor participation - are consistently and strongly associated with higher pension benefits. These findings have important policy implications, highlighting that the sustainability of pension systems in post-growth contexts may depend less on infinite economic expansion than on institutional and labor-market policy choices.</description>
    <dc:date>2026-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/308087">
    <title>Evidence review to support the development of a Wellbeing Economy strategy in Scotland</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/308087</link>
    <description>Title: Evidence review to support the development of a Wellbeing Economy strategy in Scotland
Authors: McCartney, Gerry; Hill O'Connor, Clementine; Laughlin, Sue; Robertson, Tony; Bunse, Lukas; Crighton, Matthew; McLeod, Aileen; Cochrane, Phoebe; Stuart, Francis; Black, Iain; McMaster, Robert
Abstract: The Scottish Government published its 10-year National Strategy for Economic Transformation (NSET) in 2022. The NSET set out an ambition to create a Wellbeing Economy, but NonGovernmental Organisations (NGOs) who advocate for a Wellbeing Economy and environmental sustainability were critical both of the contents of the NSET, and the process used to create it. This paper seeks to provide a review of evidence to better inform the future development of economic strategy in Scotland, and rebalance the advice the original NSET was based upon, such that it might have a better chance of realising a Wellbeing Economy in the future.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/309432">
    <title>It depends: Varieties of defining growth dependence</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/309432</link>
    <description>Title: It depends: Varieties of defining growth dependence
Authors: Janischewski, Anja; Bohnenberger, Katharina; Kranke, Matthias; Vogel, Tobias; Driouich, Riwan; Froese, Tobias; Gerold, Stefanie; Kaufmann, Raphael; Keyßer, Lorenz; Niethammer, Jannis; Olk, Christopher; Schmelzer, Matthias; Yürük, Aslı; Lange, Steffen
Abstract: Many socio-economic systems require positive economic growth rates to function properly. Given uncertainty about future growth rates and increasing evidence that economic growth is a driver of social and environmental crises, these growth dependencies pose serious societal challenges. In recent years, more and more researchers have thus tried to identify growth-dependent systems and develop policies to reduce their growth dependence. However, the concept of "growth dependence" still lacks a consistent definition and operationalization, which impedes more systematic empirical and theoretical research. This article proposes a simple but powerful framework for defining and operationalizing the concept of "growth dependence" across socio-economic systems. We provide a general definition consisting of four components that can be specified for different empirical cases: (1) the system under investigation, (2) the unit of measurement of growth, (3) the level of growth and (4) the relevant functions or properties of the system under investigation. According to our general definition, a socio-economic system is growth-dependent if it requires a long-term positive growth rate in terms of a unit of economic measurement to maintain all its functions or properties that are relevant within the chosen normative framework. To illustrate the usefulness of our scheme, we apply it to three areas at the heart of the existing literature on growth dependence: employment, social insurance systems and public finance. These case studies demonstrate that whether or not a system is growth-dependent hinges not only on the empirical properties of the system itself but also on the specification of the concept of growth dependence. Our framework enables coherent, robust and effective definitions and research questions, fostering comparability of findings across different cases and disciplines. Better research can lead to better policies for reducing growth dependence and thus achieving stable and sustainable economies.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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