https://hdl.handle.net/10419/253700 2026-10-23T10:56:54Z https://hdl.handle.net/10419/314435 Title: From farm to market: Impacts of climate shocks on selected agricultural value chains in Ethiopia Authors: Yitbarek, Eleni; Tesfaye, Wondimagegn Abstract: While many of the studies to date have focused on the production end of the value chain-i.e., ways to help farmers grow more food, there is limited evidence regarding the impacts of climate shocks on the other stages of agricultural value chains. Recognizing that food security is not just an issue of production, there is now an emerging literature that attempts to link climate change with agricultural value chains. This study fills a critical gap in the literature by assessing the impacts of weather shocks not only on production but also on the post-production stages (storage and sales) across the agricultural value chains of four key commodities in Ethiopia: teff, maize, coffee, and dairy. The study addresses two questions: (i) How do weather shocks impact different stages of agricultural value chains? and (ii) are the negative effects of weather shocks on agricultural value chains heterogeneous by gender? We document that negative rainfall shocks drastically reduce maize and teff yields by about 40% and 37%, respectively, and significantly impact teff storage. Coffee yield is less affected by rainfall shocks, though its storage decreases by 28%. Temperature increases reduce yields for maize, teff, and coffee, with coffee also experiencing declines in storage and sales. For teff, temperature increases reduce the quantity stored by about 6.7% and sales by 18.5%. Similarly, an increase in temperature lowers coffee sales by 24.6%. Dairy production shows minimal sensitivity to both rainfall shocks and temperature variations. These effects vary by gender of the household head. For maize, temperature increases negatively affect yields more for male-headed households. Teff and coffee show varying impacts based on gender, with male-headed households experiencing more pronounced negative effects. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10419/314434 Title: Global value chains and income inequality in Africa Authors: Mumin, Yazeed Abdul; Ali, Williams Abstract: Recent technological advances and policy initiatives present Africa with enormous growth potential from participating in global value chains (GVCs). However, the widening income inequality is raising questions as to whether participation in GVCs plays any role in this observed phenomenon. Despite the increased attention on regional and global value chains, and on income inequality in Africa, little attention has been given to investigating the potential nexus between both. This study investigates the impacts of GVC participation on income inequality and the underlying mechanisms in Africa. We applied the instrumental variable (IV) approach to address potential endogeneity between GVC participation and income inequality. We find that participation in GVCs substantially reduces income inequality in Africa, which is largely through increased relative prices of exports, access to improved technologies and economic upgrading. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10419/314433 Title: Institutional drivers of global value chains participation in African countries Authors: Magbondé, Kadoukpè Gildas Abstract: Despite the expansion of global value chains (GVCs) over the last three decades, African countries trail the other developing regions in terms of GVC integration. Yet, the drivers of African countries' GVC participation are not well understood compared to developed countries. The current paper fills this knowledge gap by providing empirical evidence of the institutional drivers of GVC participation in Africa. It uses the instrumental variable approach based on a panel dataset of 37 African countries spanning the period 2002-2018 to examine the impacts institutions have on total, backward, forward GVCs as well as GVC position. Though no significant effect is recorded with respect to total GVC participation, the instrumental-variable estimates suggest that upgraded institutions encourage backward GVCs and reduce both forward GVCs and upstreamness. For a successful transition from upstream stages of GVCs, African countries must consider strengthening their political and economic institutions. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10419/314432 Title: An empirical assessment of the nexus between competition policy and Global Value Chains Authors: Ezzat, Asmaa; Zaki, Chahir Abstract: Efficient institutions matter in promoting Global Value Chains (GVCs) participation since they help reduce transaction costs for firms that engage in trade. Competition policy is considered an important dimension of these institutions. This paper investigates whether competition policy matters for participation of emerging countries in GVCs, with a special focus on African countries. To do so, we use the EORA dataset on backward and forward linkages and merge it with different indicators pertaining to the de jure (competition law) and the de facto (market dominance, antimonopoly, etc.) measures of competition policy. We find that both the de jure and the de facto dimensions of competition policy matter for backward and forward GVC participation. In addition, our findings indicate that this relationship is non-linear as the market can become saturated. Two important transmissions channels can explain this effect: market diversification and trade liberalization. These results remain robust after we control for the endogeneity between GVC and competition. In the case of African countries, we find that more diversified economies benefit from competitive markets, whereas other results remain unchanged, especially for the de jure measures. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z