<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
  <channel rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/213349">
    <title>EconStor Collection: SAFE</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/213349</link>
    <description>SAFE</description>
    <items>
      <rdf:Seq>
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/335886" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/335887" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/336816" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/336814" />
      </rdf:Seq>
    </items>
    <dc:date>2026-05-05T05:05:13Z</dc:date>
  </channel>
  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/335886">
    <title>Do lenders price diesel risk? Evidence from Dieselgate and low-emission zones in captive vs. independent banks</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/335886</link>
    <description>Title: Do lenders price diesel risk? Evidence from Dieselgate and low-emission zones in captive vs. independent banks
Authors: Beyene, Winta; Falagiarda, Matteo; Ongena, Steven; Scopelliti, Alessandro
Abstract: Transitioning to a sustainable economy and reducing air pollution hinge on appropriate economic incentives and financing conditions. The auto loan market offers a prime setting, as lenders' credit terms can either discourage or incentivize the purchase of high-pollution vehicles. Using loan-level data, we examine how captive and independent banks adjust lending conditions in response to information and regulatory shocks affecting diesel vehicles. Exploiting the 2015 diesel emissions scandal and the introduction of local circulation restrictions, we show that lending responses differ systematically across lender types, with captive banks tending to weaken, rather than reinforce, the effectiveness of environmental regulation for air pollution.</description>
    <dc:date>2026-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/335887">
    <title>Multimodal LLMs for historical dataset construction from archival image scans: German patents (1877-1918)</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/335887</link>
    <description>Title: Multimodal LLMs for historical dataset construction from archival image scans: German patents (1877-1918)
Authors: Griesshaber, Niclas; Streb, Jochen
Abstract: We leverage multimodal large language models (LLMs) to construct a dataset of 306,070 German patents (1877-1918) from 9,562 archival image scans using our LLM-based pipeline powered by Gemini-2.5-Pro and Gemini-2.5-Flash-Lite. Our benchmarking exercise provides tentative evidence that multimodal LLMs can create higher quality datasets than our research assistants, while also being more than 795 times faster and 205 times cheaper in constructing the patent dataset from our image corpus. About 20 to 50 patent entries are embedded on each page, arranged in a double-column format and printed in Gothic and Roman fonts. The font and layout complexity of our primary source material suggests to us that multimodal LLMs are a paradigm shift in how datasets are constructed in economic history. We open-source our benchmarking and patent datasets as well as our LLM-based data pipeline, which can be easily adapted to other image corpora using LLM-assisted coding tools, lowering the barriers for less technical researchers. Finally, we explain the economics of deploying LLMs for historical dataset construction and conclude by speculating on the potential implications for the field of economic history.</description>
    <dc:date>2026-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/336816">
    <title>The response of debtors to rate changes</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/336816</link>
    <description>Title: The response of debtors to rate changes
Authors: Fuster, Andreas; Gianinazzi, Virginia; Hackethal, Andreas; Schnorpfeil, Philip; Weber, Michael
Abstract: How borrowers respond to future changes in the interest rate on their debt matters for the transmission of monetary policy and for household financial stability. Combining bank data, a letter RCT, and a survey, we study this question in the context of the German mortgage market, where since 2022 borrowers have faced high interest rates when their rate fixation period ends. We find that borrower actions substantially reduce the impact of higher rates on monthly payments. Survey responses corroborate high informedness and a strong propensity to prepare for rate changes. The letter intervention does not affect rate beliefs but increases awareness of available options and refinancing among borrowers close to expiration of their rate fixation.</description>
    <dc:date>2026-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/336814">
    <title>Housing capital gains across the income distribution</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/336814</link>
    <description>Title: Housing capital gains across the income distribution
Authors: Bäckman, Claes; D'Lima, Walter; Khorunzhina, Natalia
Abstract: We show that high-income buyers earn higher capital gains on housing using detailed transaction data from Denmark. Geographic location statistically accounts for nearly all the difference, with little role for aggregate market timing, property type, or other buyer characteristics. This finding is consistent with income-based sorting, whereby higher-income households systematically sort into locations with persistently higher price growth. We test whether credit conditions shape access to locations with higher house-price growth and find no detectable change in buyer composition by income rank around major credit expansions and contractions.</description>
    <dc:date>2026-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </item>
</rdf:RDF>

