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        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/317061" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/319288" />
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    <dc:date>2026-05-07T04:45:30Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/317061">
    <title>Greener on the other side? Mapping China's overseas co-financing and financial innovation</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/317061</link>
    <description>Title: Greener on the other side? Mapping China's overseas co-financing and financial innovation
Authors: Chen, Yunnan; Emery, Teal
Abstract: China's global development finance is undergoing a major transformation. As domestic reforms and borrower debt risks rise, Chinese financial institutions are shifting how they finance projects abroad-especially in Africa, where they've long played a major role. This report explores how China is adapting its overseas finance to support green investment, particularly through co-financing models and international partnerships. We deploy innovative AI-driven methodology to identify 'green' investments in China's overseas co-financing, and social network analysis of co-financing relationships between Chinese and international financiers. Chinese financial institutions have backed over $180 billion in syndicated loans from 2013-2021, driven largely by state-owned commercial banks. However, we have yet to see a pivot to green investments, and existing projects are concentrated in higher-income markets. A mismatch persists between the commercially-driven nature of syndicated lending and the regions and sectors most in need of energy transition support. We identify a growing but distinct ecosystem supporting 'green' finance-driven by partnerships with MDBs, public development banks and DFIs, and multilateral co-financing funds. This reinforces the important role of concessional development finance in enabling 'green' investments. Green investments are also increasingly supported through non-development finance instruments, including FDI and green bond proceeds. Chinese banks can help bridge this gap, through building these regional partnerships. The future of China's development finance lies in more diversified, risk-sharing models that better align with global climate goals and local needs.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/319288">
    <title>Lessons from the Russia-Ukraine war: Assessing the resilience of African economies to external shocks</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/319288</link>
    <description>Title: Lessons from the Russia-Ukraine war: Assessing the resilience of African economies to external shocks
Authors: Raga, Sherillyn; Papadavid, Phyllis; Dávalos, Jorge; Fontana, Marzia; Henseler, Martin; Jaramillo Baanante, Miguel; Kigundu, Kenneth; Maisonnave, Hélène; Maloiy, Lanoi; Muchai, Dianah Ngui; Shimeles, Abebe; te Velde, Dirk Willem; Wandeda, Dickson; Wignaraja, Ganeshan; Zaki, Chahir
Abstract: More than three years after Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, some of its global spillover effects continue to impact many low-income and lower-middle-income countries (LICs and LMICs). As the world faces new global shocks - such as aid cuts and rising US tariffs - this synthesis report draws lessons from Africa's experience during the Russia-Ukraine war to help navigate external shocks. The report finds that while the overall price shocks from the war at the continental level remain relatively low (around 0.2% of GDP), growth impacts vary significantly across countries depending on their exposure and level of resilience (e.g., policy space) to mitigate the impact of the shock. African countries that are heavily reliant on commodity imports, more integrated into global financial markets (e.g. with high levels of private capital flows and external debt), and already facing fiscal and debt vulnerabilities, have experienced more negative economic and social consequences. Within countries, the impacts have also varied, with women disproportionately affected in areas such as food security and access to clean energy. Policy interventions matter, but they come with trade-offs. Throughout the conflict, several African countries implemented monetary policy tightening to curb inflation, which, while necessary, led to higher borrowing costs that may have held back investment. Prioritising interest payments to avoid debt distress has often come at the expense of social spending. Additionally, many macroeconomic interventions - such as liquidity easing and cash transfers - have tended to benefit men more than women, further entrenching gender inequalities. The report offers several key policy levers to enhance Africa's resilience against future shocks, including: - Strengthening the capacity of central banks through well-managed sovereign wealth funds. - Utilising innovative debt instruments to address debt sustainability and close development finance gaps. - Integrating gender perspectives into shock recovery policies of central banks and ministries. - Fostering intra-African trade, regional industrialisation, regional funds and early warning systems. - Utilising international mechanisms for counter-cyclical financing, debt relief and blended finance.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/319286">
    <title>Impact of geopolitical dynamics on global trade: The case of the African automotives sector</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/319286</link>
    <description>Title: Impact of geopolitical dynamics on global trade: The case of the African automotives sector
Authors: Mendez Parra, Maximiliano; Agarwal, Prachi; Luke, David; Vutula, Noncedo; Magooa, Agisanang; El-Aidi, Inas; Parshotam, Asmita; Iacovou, Eleni; Chapman, Francesca
Abstract: The global economic landscape has undergone significant transformation since the 2008 financial crisis, marked by rising protectionism, intensifying competition between major powers, and disruptions to trade and investment flows. These changes present both challenges and opportunities for Africa, particularly as the continent seeks to leverage the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) for economic transformation. This report provides a crucial analysis of these evolving dynamics, focusing on their impact on Africa's automotive sector-a key industry for the continent's industrialisation strategy and at the core of the transformation of global value chains in the last 30 years. Key insights:  - A changing global economic order: The past 15 years have witnessed a shift in global trade. This includes the increased importance of semiconductors and services in trade. The rise of East and Southeast Asia, coupled with evolving trade flows and FDI patterns, demands a reassessment of Africa's position in the global economy. - Geopolitical dynamics and value chains: Protectionist policies and trade disputes are disrupting global supply chains and investment patterns, posing challenges for African economies that are deeply integrated into global value chains. Moreover, a global conflict is emerging among economic powers aiming to boost industrial development while disrupting their partners. - Focus on the automotive sector: The automotive industry, a key driver of global economic growth, is undergoing a significant transformation due to the energy transition. Africa's automotive industry faces longstanding challenges. However, emerging opportunities driven by the EV revolution and increasing consumer demand can foster growth. - Case studies - South Africa and Morocco: Two distinct models of automotive development in Africa are examined: South Africa's pursuit of a continental production hub and Morocco's integration into European value chains. Policy recommendations: To harness geopolitical opportunities, the report advocates enhancing regional trade integration through the AfCFTA, diversifying investment sources and fostering a coordinated approach among African policymakers.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/319291">
    <title>Developing a digital trade strategy in Nigeria</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/319291</link>
    <description>Title: Developing a digital trade strategy in Nigeria
Authors: Agarwal, Prachi; Mba, Sand Kalu; Tayo, Teniola; Oladapo, Adetutu
Abstract: This report develops a comprehensive national digital trade strategy for Nigeria aligned with the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Protocol on Digital Trade (DTP). The AfCFTA aims to enhance economic integration and intra-African trade, and Nigeria, with its growing digital economy, stands to benefit significantly. Three key questions are explored in this study: how can Nigeria align its digital trade strategy with AfCFTA? What barriers exist in its digital economy?, and what policy interventions can drive digital trade growth, particularly in business process outsourcing (BPO), ecommerce and the inclusion of women and youth? This study used a mixed methods approach combining rigorous desk-based research with extensive stakeholder engagement and key informant interviews with government ministries, regulatory bodies, and private sector players . Findings emphasise the need for a national digital trade policy, enhanced infrastructure, regulatory alignment, and digital inclusion strategies. By implementing these strategies, Nigeria can maximise AfCFTA benefits, drive sustainable economic growth, and enhance its role in Africa's digital economy.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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