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        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299128" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299120" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299123" />
        <rdf:li rdf:resource="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299119" />
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    <dc:date>2026-04-30T04:39:34Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299128">
    <title>Assessing sustainability focus across global banks</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299128</link>
    <description>Title: Assessing sustainability focus across global banks
Authors: Sengupta, Ushasi; Pramanik, Himadri Sikhar; Datta, Sayantan; Dutta, Swayambhu; Dasgupta, Sankhanilam; Kirtania, Manish
Abstract: Global banks play intermediary and even direct roles in achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, developmental progress is complex to measure due to siloed, varied and even non-transparent, ambiguous, non-standardized ways of calibration and reporting. This research explores public disclosures (sustainability, CSR, and annual reports, press releases, website, and others) of fifty banks across nine geo-segments over five calendar years (2018-2023). Inductive methods, co-word assessments, content analysis are deployed to develop qualitative commentaries indicating geo-specific performances of the banks. The research findings indicate goal-specific attribution and discovery of motives and initiatives. This validates how motives in embracing the SDGs vary and relate to achievement of - (A) core business objectives; (B) support and financing of other industries, organizations, and governments in sustainable initiatives; and (C) corporate citizenship, altruistic and ethical considerations. Methodological approaches to calibrate findings across seventeen SDGs help identify benchmark practices, understand complementary actions, and required focus for banks and other industries. This is relevant to geo-specific sustainability challenges, trade-offs, and requirements. The findings can guide public policies and regulations, empower banks and other institutions to accelerate awareness and evaluate effectiveness towards sustainable developments.</description>
    <dc:date>2023-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299120">
    <title>Performance and reliability analysis of an off-grid PV mini-grid system in rural tropical Africa: A case study in southern Ethiopia</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299120</link>
    <description>Title: Performance and reliability analysis of an off-grid PV mini-grid system in rural tropical Africa: A case study in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Wassie, Yibeltal T.; Ahlgren, Erik O.
Abstract: Although some progress has been made in recent years, ensuring universal access to electricity remains a major challenge in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in rural areas. In light of this challenge, solar photovoltaic (PV) mini-grid systems have emerged as a promising solution for off-grid electrification. However, little is known about their actual performance and reliability when used in real-world applications. Using realtime monitored data and IEC's evaluation standard, this paper examines the performance and reliability of a 375 kWp off-grid PV mini-grid system installed in a remote small town in Ethiopia. The findings showed that the mini-grid produced 1182 kWh/day of electricity compared to the estimated generation of 2214 kWh/day, a difference of 1032 kWh/day (46.6% less). In contrast, 87% of the average daily electricity generated was delivered to the load. The discrepancies can be attributed to average PV capture losses of 2.75 kWh/kWp/day and system losses of 0.40 kWh/kWp/day. The performance evaluation results revealed that the mini-grid system is performing poorly, with average on-site module efficiency (ηpc), temperature corrected performance ratio (PRcorr), capacity factor (CF) and overall system efficiency (ηsys) of 9.85%, 42%, 13%, and 8.76%, respectively. It was found that the daily PV energy output could not meet the daily demand. As a result, the load is shed off from the power supply for 13 h a day; between 17:00 and 19:00 and again between 21:00 and 08:00. The study demonstrated that accurate demand assessment and robust system sizing, taking into account the impact of local weather conditions and prospective electricity demand growth is critical to ensure high performance and reliability of off-grid PV mini-grid systems.</description>
    <dc:date>2023-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299123">
    <title>Factors to be considered in the design of indigenous communities' houses, with a focus on Australian first nation housing in the Northern Territory</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299123</link>
    <description>Title: Factors to be considered in the design of indigenous communities' houses, with a focus on Australian first nation housing in the Northern Territory
Authors: Rajabipour, Ali; Kutay, Cat; Guenther, John; Bazli, Milad
Abstract: Housing in remote Australia's Indigenous communities has remained an unsolved challenge after many years of effort. Factors to be considered in remote housing have been researched broadly but rarely taking a holistic design point of view. This requires the inclusion of all factors that affect the success of a design project (eg resources, physical and social environment and processes). This study is a response to the question: which factors should engineers consider in their remote Indigenous communities building projects? In this study, these factors were extracted from a literature review. Special emphasis was put on resources related to the Northern Territory remote housing. Ten key factors which thus form goals for the establishment of any project were found after filtering and organising the findings from different publications. Experts in remote housing from the government, private sector and academia were then interviewed to gather their opinion on the solutions with respect to each factor. The results of this study will provide designers with a practical to-do list for planning and implementing their projects in remote communities. Further, the results could be used by decision-makers in developing policies.</description>
    <dc:date>2023-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299119">
    <title>Understanding sudden traffic jams: From emergence to impact</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299119</link>
    <description>Title: Understanding sudden traffic jams: From emergence to impact
Authors: Bhardwaj, Ankit; Iyer, Shiva R.; Ramesh, Sriram; White, Jerome; Subramanian, Lakshminarayanan
Abstract: Road traffic jams are a major problem in most cities of the world, resulting in massive delays, increased fuel wastage, and monetary and productivity losses. Unlike conventional computer networks, which experience congestion due to excessive traffic, road transportation networks can experience traffic jams over prolonged periods due to traffic bursts over short time scales that push the traffic density beyond a threshold jam density. We observe that the emergence of such jams can happen over a very short duration, hence we term them as sudden traffic jams. We provide a formalism for understanding the phenomena of sudden traffic jams and show evidence of its existence using loop detector data from New York City. Further, we show the signature of sudden jams when observed at hourly resolution. We also provide a method to compute the traffic curve in a situation where we do not have access to fine-grained flow and density information. With this method, using only hourly speed data from Uber, we compute traffic curves for the road segments in Nairobi, São Paulo, and New York City, which is, by our knowledge, the first attempt to do so for signalized road networks. Running our analysis on the Uber movement speed data for the three cities, we show numerous instances of jams that last several hours, and sometimes as long as 2-3 days. Empirically, we find that Nairobi experiences 3x the mean jam time per road segment as compared to São Paulo and New York City. Based on key development metrics, we find that the ratio of traffic load per road segment for São Paulo, New York City, and Nairobi is approximately 1:2:3. We propose that chaotic driving patterns and traffic mismanagement in the developing world cities lead to tighter traffic curves, more intense jams and overall lower road capacity utilization, which explains the observed data. We posit that the problem of traffic congestion in developing countries cannot be solved entirely by building new infrastructure, but also requires smart management of existing road infrastructure.</description>
    <dc:date>2023-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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