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    <dc:date>2026-04-30T02:19:01Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/311154">
    <title>The intersection between climate transition policies and geoeconomic fragmentation: A report of the International Relations Committee Network on climate change</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/311154</link>
    <description>Title: The intersection between climate transition policies and geoeconomic fragmentation: A report of the International Relations Committee Network on climate change
Authors: Weber, Pierre-François; Afota, Amandine; Attinasi, Maria-Grazia; Boeckelmann, Lukas; Brueggemann, Axel; De Gaye, Annabelle; Dieppe, Alistair; Faubert, Violaine; Grieco, Fabio; Le Roux, Julien; Meunier, Baptiste; Munteanu, Bogdan; Nobletz, Capucine; Norring, Anni; Reininger, Thomas; Skackauskaite, Ieva; Suárez-Varela, Marta; Svartzman, Romain; Valadier, Cécile; Vlajie, Diana; Wilbert, Lucia; Zaghini, Andrea
Abstract: Two phenomena are increasingly reshaping the world economy. One is the growing and well-documented importance of climate transition policies that differ across countries. The other is the stark rise of geoeconomic fragmentation (GEF) concerns. While differences in climate transition policies are not new, they could amplify GEF, which is a new, growing risk. Conceptually, GEF is a policy-driven reversal of global economic integration, guided by strategic considerations such as national security, sovereignty, autonomy, or economic rivalry. It does not include reversals to global economic integration that are driven by autonomous change, such as shifts in technology, demographics or preferences, or policies motivated primarily by prudential or environmental concerns and labour or human rights. GEF propagates via all the channels through which countries engage with each other economically and politically to provide global public goods such as climate change mitigation. The steep rise in trade and investment restrictions points to coming headwinds which could be compounded by uncoordinated climate transition policies. Conversely, GEF could make transition policies more difficult as, together with their prerequisites - such as shared regulatory approaches, knowledge sharing and financial aid to less well-off countries - they hinge on effective cross-border coordination and collaboration. There is a considerable risk that GEF may hinder climate transition policies. The report is structured as follows. The first section sheds light on how climate policies may contribute to GEF. The second section analyses the extent to which GEF could hinder the green transition. The last section discusses gaps and avenues for further analytical and model-based work.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/311155">
    <title>Investing in Europe's green future: Green investment needs, outlook and obstacles to funding the gap</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/311155</link>
    <description>Title: Investing in Europe's green future: Green investment needs, outlook and obstacles to funding the gap
Authors: Nerlich, Carolin; Köhler-Ulbrich, Petra; Andersson, Malin; Pasqua, Carlo; Abraham, Laurent; Bańkowski, Krzysztof; Emambakhsh, Tina; Ferrando, Annalisa; Grynberg, Charlotte; Groß, Johannes; Hoendervangers, Lucia; Kostakis, Vasileios; Momferatou, Daphne; Rau-Goehring, Matthias; Rariga, Erzsebet-Judit; Rusinova, Desislava; Setzer, Ralph; Spaggiari, Martina; Tamburrini, Fabio; Vendrell Simon, Josep Maria; Vinci, Francesca
Abstract: The green transition of the EU economy will require substantial investment to 2030 and beyond. Estimates of green investment needs vary between institutions and are surrounded by high uncertainty, but they all point to a requirement for faster and more ambitious action. Green investment will need to be financed primarily by the private sector. While banks are expected to make a key contribution to funding the green transition, capital markets need to deepen further, especially to support innovation financing. Progress on the capital markets union would support the green transition. Public funds will be vital to complement and de-risk private green investment. Structural reforms and enhanced business conditions should be tailored to encourage firms, households and investors to step up their green investment activities.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322027">
    <title>Different shades of green: EU corporate disclosure rules and their effectiveness in limiting "greenwashing"</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322027</link>
    <description>Title: Different shades of green: EU corporate disclosure rules and their effectiveness in limiting "greenwashing"
Authors: Nieto, María J.; Papathanassiou, Chryssafoula
Abstract: Greenwashing is a generic term used for breaches and misleading claims about the sustainability credentials of various legal provisions, ranging from unfair competition, securities laws infringements and unethical advertising to wrong corporate disclosure. This paper focuses on the latter. Against the background of the significant financial flows needed to finance the transition to meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement and the EU Climate law, the EU corporate sustainability reporting rules integrated in the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD), as well as the EU taxonomy constitute an ambitious legislative framework which is aimed at establishing common mandatory European Sustainability Reporting Standards for companies to report comparable and relevant information required by investors and other stakeholders. This framework's aim is to support companies in the transition to a more sustainable economy and help stakeholders and investors understand the sustainability risks in their investments (and facilitate financial flows for the transition). This will help mitigate greenwashing risks because this framework raises the responsibility for inaccurate disclosure. In addition, accurate data are important for central bank operations because they can ensure that prices and the risk control framework adequately reflect climate physical and transition risks. The success of the regulatory framework will rely heavily on its credible implementation, including penalties, which will help anchor expectations and condition the behaviour of economic agents. The paper also makes some recommendations going forward so that the regulatory framework for sustainability disclosure is effective in combating greenwashing. Any future regulation aimed at addressing greenwashing risks more explicitly should be based on the existing sustainability disclosure framework. The assessment in this paper is based on the originally agreed legal texts of the CSRD, CSDDD and the EU taxonomy. This paper focuses solely on the assessment of the relevant Union law in light of the economic literature concerning the regulatory tools effective to deal with financial "greenwashing" and is without prejudice to the future omnibus package on sustainability.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322021">
    <title>Crypto-Asset Monitoring Expert Group (CAMEG) 2024 conference: Book of abstracts</title>
    <link>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322021</link>
    <description>Title: Crypto-Asset Monitoring Expert Group (CAMEG) 2024 conference: Book of abstracts
Editors: Kochanska, Urszula; van der Vaart, Sjoerd
Abstract: This paper provides an overview of recent analytical work1 conducted, under their own aegis, by experts from various European authorities and institutions in the field of crypto-asset monitoring. Currently, risks stemming from crypto-assets and the potential implications for central banking domains are limited and/or manageable, including as regards the existing regulatory and oversight frameworks. Nevertheless, the importance of monitoring developments in crypto-assets, raising awareness of the potential risks and fostering preparedness cannot be overstated. In light of this, this paper sets out the background to the establishment of the CryptoAsset Monitoring Expert Group (CAMEG) in late 2023 to bring together experts from the Eurosystem's central banks and from the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB). It also provides abstracts of various papers and other analytical works presented at the inaugural CAMEG conference held on 24 and 25 October 2024. The conference aimed to take stock of analytical work and data issues in this area, while fostering European collaboration and monitoring in the field of crypto-assets. Finally, this paper outlines the prospective way forward for the CAMEG, focusing on gaining greater insight into data in this area and deepening analytical work on interlinkages, crypto-asset adoption and the latest trends.</description>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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