https://hdl.handle.net/10419/109737 2026-10-23T01:36:43Z https://hdl.handle.net/10419/146924 Title: KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer 2016 - Carbon Edition. How the EU ETS can contribute to meeting the ambitious targets of the Paris Agreement Authors: Osberghaus, Daniel; Heindl, Peter; Sommerfeld, Katrin; Höfling, Holger Abstract: The KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer - developed as part of a cooperation project of KfW Bankengruppe and the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW) - has been analysing the situation of the German companies regulated under the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) on an annual basis since 2009. The study’s objective is to closely monitor firm behaviour in carbon markets in order to provide detailed information for policy-makers, businesses, and the research community. For that purpose, all German firms regulated under the EU ETS are invited to participate in the survey every year. On average, approximately 130 companies of 800 have responded to the questionnaire per year. The results are reported in an annual publication, the KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer - Carbon Edition. Important findings of this year's survey: - While the Paris Agreement has the potential to be a major breakthrough in global climate negotiations, a majority of German companies participating in the EU ETS do not expect that it will be effective in reducing global emissions, not even in the long run. - In the current trading period the EU ETS has generated only weak incentives for firms to implement carbon abatement measures. - The trading scheme should be further strengthened to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of climate action in Europe. 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10419/128148 Title: KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer 2015 – Manufacturing Industry Edition: Impacts of the energy transition Authors: Brockmann, Karl Ludwig; Dieckhöner, Caroline; Kiehl, Kerstin; Gallier, Carlo; Heindl, Peter; Osberghaus, Daniel Abstract: Developed as part of a cooperative project of KfW Bankengruppe and the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW), the KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer has been analysing the situation of German companies regulated under the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) on an annual basis since 2009. The study’s objective is to closely monitor firm behaviour in carbon markets in order to regularly provide detailed information to policymakers, businesses and the research community. In the framework of the KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer, KfW Bankengruppe and the ZEW have developed a second annual survey as a complementary study that started two years ago: the KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer – Manufacturing Industry Edition. The aim is to shed light on recent developments in the German manufacturing industry that are driven by European climate and energy regulations and the German energy transition in particular. The study is based on a survey among German manufacturing firms. The results are presented in this report which is published subsequent to the KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer – Carbon Edition. The survey questions in the present version address energy price expectations, investment in energy efficiency and the companies’ opinion on the German energy transition... 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10419/121848 Title: KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer 2015 – Carbon Edition. Ten years of emission trading: strategies of German companies Authors: Gallier, Carlo; Heindl, Peter; Osberghaus, Daniel; Brockmann, Karl Ludwig; Dieckhöner, Caroline Abstract: German companies participating in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) analyse the consequences of climate policy on their competitiveness in a variety of ways. When asked whether global climate policy - e. g. decisions adopted at UN climate negotiations - negatively impacted on their competitiveness, 39 per cent of the respondents gave a positive response. 53 per cent of companies expect European climate protection rules, such as the EU ETS, to have a negative impact on competitiveness. Climate policy at the national level, the turnaround in German Energy Policy (the so-called energy transition), for example, is perceived as being potentially damaging by 59 per cent of companies. This is one of the findings of the KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer 2015, an annual survey conducted by KfW bank in cooperation with the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW), since 2009. The survey analyses the impact of the EU ETS on the companies regulated. The variation in the ways in which companies estimate the impact of climate policy on their competitiveness, is particularly pronounced amongst companies which are in international competition. Only around 15 per cent of the firms regulated by EU ETS, however, assume that the impending 2015 UN climate negotiations held in Paris this December, will lead to a binding international agreement. In view of the continuous fall in the price of carbon allowances, the EU has adopted a market stability reserve (MSR) in order to reduce the surplus of carbon credits (estimated at over 2 billion). In the course of this initiative, in the second half of 2014 and in the first half of 2015, the price of carbon allowances slightly increased. The price recorded in August 2015 was approximately EUR 8 per tonne of CO2 - the highest price recorded since November 2012. In view of this trend, German-based companies involved in this survey have, in comparison with last year’s survey, adjusted their short, middle, and long-term price expectations upwards. The inflation-adjusted price is accordingly expected to stand at EUR 7.82 per tonne of CO2 in December 2015. It is estimated, that the price will increase to EUR 15.92 by 2020, and reach EUR 25.45 by 2030. As price expectations remain below EUR 30 per tonne of CO2, the surveyed companies still consider it unlikely that any real incentives to sustainably cut emissions will be created. In 2014, a majority of 76 per cent of companies, invested in the reduction of carbon emissions or shifted to green production processes. As previous studies have shown, however, only ten per cent of the responding companies actually had the objective of cutting carbon emissions. Process optimisation and investments in energy efficiency were the main motivations for any climate commitments made. The KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer is a joint project between KfW bank and ZEW. Since 2009, the project has served to analyse the impact of the European Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) on companies in Germany. Around 800 companies are invited to participate in the annual survey. On average, 140 companies each year provide information about their current situation and future strategies. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10419/109800 Title: KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer 2014 – Manufacturing Industry Edition: Rising energy costs and more competition - drivers for investment in energy efficiency? Authors: Brockmann, Karl Ludwig; Dieckhöner, Caroline; Gallier, Carlo; Lutz, Benjamin Abstract: As a complementary study, KfW Bankengruppe and the ZEW have developed a second annual survey in the framework of the KfW/ZEW-CO2-Barometer: the KfW/ZEW-CO2-Barometer – Manufacturing Industry Edition. The aim is to shed light on recent developments in the German manufacturing industry driven by European climate and energy regulations as well as the German energy transition in particular. The survey covered topics concerning energy price expectations, investments in energy efficiency and the German energy transition. Main Results of the Survey: Energy Efficiency Assessments Are a Prerequisite for Investments in Energy Efficiency. Companies Expect Increasing Energy Prices and their Most Important Sales Markets to Be Global. Half of the Companies Use Energy Consulting Services. Energy Contracting Is Being Used only by a Minority. Grid Expansion is Still Considered as the Major Challenge of the German Energy Transition. 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z