<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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  <title>EconStor Community: The Agricultural &amp; Food Policy Center (AFPC), Texas A&amp;M University</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/49013" />
  <subtitle>The Agricultural &amp; Food Policy Center (AFPC), Texas A&amp;M University</subtitle>
  <id>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/49013</id>
  <updated>2026-04-28T14:09:22Z</updated>
  <dc:date>2026-04-28T14:09:22Z</dc:date>
  <entry>
    <title>AFPC representative farm economic outlook for the 2025 FAPRI Baseline</title>
    <link rel="alternate" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/315956" />
    <author>
      <name>Outlaw, Joe L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Fischer, Bart L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Knapek, George M.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Raulston, J. Marc</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Herbst, Brian K.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Bryant, Henry L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Nelson, Henry R.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Graff, Natalie A.</name>
    </author>
    <id>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/315956</id>
    <updated>2025-05-01T05:30:11Z</updated>
    <published>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
    <summary type="text">Title: AFPC representative farm economic outlook for the 2025 FAPRI Baseline
Authors: Outlaw, Joe L.; Fischer, Bart L.; Knapek, George M.; Raulston, J. Marc; Herbst, Brian K.; Bryant, Henry L.; Nelson, Henry R.; Graff, Natalie A.
Abstract: The farm-level economic impacts of the FAPRI 2025 Baseline on representative crop and livestock operations are projected in this report, assuming provisions of the 2018 Farm Bill are in effect and continue throughout the 2025-2030 projection period. The current representative farm analysis output reflects an evaluation of ARC/PLC program elections for the farms given provisions of the 2018 Farm Bill. Producers are assumed to enroll in the program resulting in the highest ending cash reserves at the end of the projection period; as farm update meetings are conducted, adjustments, if necessary, are made to program elections. The analysis was conducted using a whole farm simulation model developed by AFPC with necessary data sourced from: • Producer panel cooperation to develop economic information to describe and simulate representative crop, livestock, and dairy farms, and • Projected prices, policy variables, and input inflation rates from the Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) 2025 Baseline. The simulations incorporate historical risk faced by farmers for prices and production. This report presents the results of the baseline in a risk context using selected simulated probabilities and ranges for annual financial measures. The probability of a farm experiencing negative ending cash reserves and the probability of a farm losing real net worth are included as indicators of the cash flow and equity risks facing farms through the year 2030.</summary>
    <dc:date>2025-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Concentration and competition in the U.S. fertilizer industry</title>
    <link rel="alternate" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/300462" />
    <author>
      <name>Fischer, Bart L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Outlaw, Joe L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Bryant, Henry L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Raulston, J. Marc</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Knapek, George M.</name>
    </author>
    <id>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/300462</id>
    <updated>2024-07-20T01:26:10Z</updated>
    <published>2024-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
    <summary type="text">Title: Concentration and competition in the U.S. fertilizer industry
Authors: Fischer, Bart L.; Outlaw, Joe L.; Bryant, Henry L.; Raulston, J. Marc; Knapek, George M.
Abstract: Between September 2021 and April 2022, anhydrous ammonia prices in the United States more than doubled, topping out at a record-high $1,300/ton. At the time, Senator John Boozman, Ranking Member of the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, asked the Agricultural &amp; Food Policy Center (AFPC) at Texas A&amp;M University to analyze the impact of significant increases in input costs - particularly fertilizer costs - on farms and ranches across the United States.1 While cost has since abated somewhat for most inputs, the spike in prices in 2022 renewed concerns about competition (or the lack thereof) in the fertilizer industry. As a result, Senators John Thune (R-SD) and Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) asked AFPC to provide an updated analysis of trends in the correlation between fertilizer costs and commodity prices, an overview of fertilizer price transparency, and the outlook for domestic fertilizer production capacity. The Senators also requested updated information about concentration levels in the fertilizer industry and policy considerations that could increase competition. This report was prepared in response to their request.</summary>
    <dc:date>2024-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Representative farms economic outlook for the 2023 FAPRI/AFPC baseline</title>
    <link rel="alternate" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/284011" />
    <author>
      <name>Outlaw, Joe L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Fischer, Bart L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Knapek, George M.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Raulston, J. Marc</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Herbst, Brian K.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Bryant, Henry L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Nelson, Henry R.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Graff, Natalie A.</name>
    </author>
    <id>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/284011</id>
    <updated>2024-03-02T02:10:30Z</updated>
    <published>2023-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
    <summary type="text">Title: Representative farms economic outlook for the 2023 FAPRI/AFPC baseline
Authors: Outlaw, Joe L.; Fischer, Bart L.; Knapek, George M.; Raulston, J. Marc; Herbst, Brian K.; Bryant, Henry L.; Nelson, Henry R.; Graff, Natalie A.</summary>
    <dc:date>2023-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>The inflation reduction act of 2022: What's in it for agricultural producers?</title>
    <link rel="alternate" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/267859" />
    <author>
      <name>Fischer, Bart L.</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Outlaw, Joe L.</name>
    </author>
    <id>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/267859</id>
    <updated>2023-12-12T02:25:44Z</updated>
    <published>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
    <summary type="text">Title: The inflation reduction act of 2022: What's in it for agricultural producers?
Authors: Fischer, Bart L.; Outlaw, Joe L.</summary>
    <dc:date>2022-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </entry>
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