https://hdl.handle.net/10419/36 2026-10-09T03:41:34Z 2026-10-09T03:41:34Z Grilo, Isabel Thurik, Roy https://hdl.handle.net/10419/111001 2023-12-16T02:29:02Z 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Determinants of entrepreneurial engagement levels in Europe and the US Authors: Grilo, Isabel; Thurik, Roy Abstract: The process of the entrepreneurial decision is decomposed in seven engagement levels ranging from “never thought about starting a business” to “gave up”, “thinking about it”, “taking steps for starting up”, “having a young business”, “having an older business” and “no longer being an entrepreneur”. By using a multinomial logit model we allow the effect of covariates to differ across the various entrepreneurial engagement levels. Data from two Entrepreneurship Flash Eurobarometer surveys (2002 and 2003) con-taining over 20,000 observations of the 15 old EU member states, Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein and the US are used. Other than demographic variables, the set of explanatory variables used includes the percep-tion by respondents of administrative complexities, of availability of financial support and of risk tolerance, the respondents’ preference for self-employment and country specific effects. Among our results we find that the perception of lack of financial support has no discriminative effect across the various levels of en-trepreneurial engagement while perception of administrative complexities plays a negative role only for high levels of engagement.

2008-01-01T00:00:00Z van Stel, André Baljeu, Lendert Thurik, Roy Verheul, Ingrid https://hdl.handle.net/10419/111000 2023-11-28T09:57:52Z 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: The Contribution of Business Ownership in Bringing Down Unemployment in Japan Authors: van Stel, André; Baljeu, Lendert; Thurik, Roy; Verheul, Ingrid Abstract: The relationship between entrepreneurship, measured by fluctuations in the business ownership rate, and unemployment in Japan is examined for the period 1972-2002. We conclude that, although Japan's unemployment rate has been influenced by different exogenous shocks as compared to other OECD countries, the effects of entrepreneurship on unemployment are not distinct. In the past small firms in Japan benefited from the protective environment of the keiretsu structure. This secure environment no longer exists, and a new market environment conducive to new venture creation and growth is not yet established. We argue that the Japanese government should actively stimulate an entrepreneurial culture.

2008-01-01T00:00:00Z Wagner, Joachim https://hdl.handle.net/10419/24939 2023-11-12T02:03:56Z 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Why more West than East German firms export Authors: Wagner, Joachim Abstract: Using unique new data and a recently introduced non-linear decomposition technique this paper shows that the huge difference in the propensity to export between West and East German plants is to a large part due to differences in firm size and human capital intensity.

2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Ács, Zoltán J. Kallas, Kadri https://hdl.handle.net/10419/24928 2023-11-03T02:43:02Z 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: State of Literature on Small to Medium-Size Enterprises and Entrepreneurship in Low-Income Communities Authors: Ács, Zoltán J.; Kallas, Kadri Abstract: Motivated by differences in new-firm survival across regions, this paper explores the impact of regional human capital on new-firm survival rates. New-firm survival is interpreted through formation rates of surviving versus closed firms in the service sector. By incorporating knowledge spillovers through a geographical variation model for Labor Market Areas, we empirically test the relationship between regional human capital stocks and new-firm survival. The expected positive relationship between regional human capital and new-firm survival is supported for the period 1993-1995, but is not as strong for the recession period 1990-1992. Controlling for human capital, the new-firm survival rate is negatively related to service sector specialization and positively related to all industry intensity, suggesting that city size and diversity may be an important determinant of new-firm survival in both periods.

2007-01-01T00:00:00Z