https://hdl.handle.net/10419/202095 2026-09-15T02:14:10Z 2026-09-15T02:14:10Z Bourdin, Sébastien Molica, Francesco Marques Santos, Anabela https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322072 2025-07-26T01:35:26Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Too much or not enough? The dual nature of green discontent and its geography Authors: Bourdin, Sébastien; Molica, Francesco; Marques Santos, Anabela Abstract: This study examines the dual nature of green discontent, which manifests as dissatisfaction with insufficient climate action and opposition to policies perceived as overly restrictive or economically disruptive. The analysis focuses on the spatial dimensions of this phenomenon, assessing how socio-economic, climatic, and institutional factors influence public attitudes toward environmental policies. The study relies on Eurobarometer survey data and voting patterns at the NUTS2 level to capture regional variations in green discontent across Europe. The results reveal clear contrasts between urban areas exposed to climate risks, rural regions dependent on carbon-intensive industries, and economically stable territories. These findings emphasize the importance of adopting place-based approaches to design climate policies that are both equitable and effective. The paper concludes with recommendations on how to integrate territorial environmental justice into climate strategies to address regional vulnerabilities and strengthen public support for ecological transition.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Curtale, Riccardo Stut, Martijn Alessandrini, Alfredo Deuster, Christoph Batista e Silva, Filipe Natale, Fabrizio Dijkstra, Lewis https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322066 2025-07-26T01:35:32Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Outlook and demographic perspectives for EU's rural regions: A modelling-based exercise Authors: Curtale, Riccardo; Stut, Martijn; Alessandrini, Alfredo; Deuster, Christoph; Batista e Silva, Filipe; Natale, Fabrizio; Dijkstra, Lewis Abstract: The European Union is experiencing profound demographic shifts. This paper presents an analysis of observed population trends encompassing observations for the period 2000-2022 and projections until 2040 at the NUTS3 level. The projections were obtained by regionalizing the 2021 Ageing Report's demographic projections using the Demography-Economy-Land use interaction (DELi) model, which considers explicitly the interlinkages between demographic and economic dynamics. Results show that urban regions are expected to increase their populations primarily due to economic opportunities pulling migrants, while intermediate and rural regions are projected to face population decline, with remote rural regions being the most affected. The natural change rate is trending downwards across all regional typologies, while the net migration rate, historically positive in all typologies, is projected to compensate for the natural change only in urban regions. The implications of these demographic changes are far-reaching, affecting labour markets, public service provision, and economic growth. The paper discusses the potential for regional convergence in GDP per capita, particularly in rural regions close to cities, and the challenges posed by changes in the demographic structure, affected by increasing old age dependency ratio and a shrinking working-age population, and the need for adaptation.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Veugelers, Reinhilde Amaral-Garcia, Sofia https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322018 2025-07-26T01:35:19Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Financing EU health innovation: The role of venture capital Authors: Veugelers, Reinhilde; Amaral-Garcia, Sofia Abstract: The EU is challenged by a persistent leadership gap in the global health innovation landscape, with the US leading in corporate health innovation and venture capital (VC) funding. The EU health innovation landscape is more concentrated in older "incumbent leading firms," while the US has a more dynamic landscape with higher R&D growth rates. Financing constraints are highly relevant in the health sector, particularly for startups and scale-ups with risky breakthrough ideas and technologies. The EU-US gap in dynamic innovative performance in health may be partly due to differences in access to risk finance, particularly venture capital. This paper analyzes trends in VC financing for health-related innovations in Europe compared to the US, using data from Dealroom. The results show that the weakness of the European health VC market continues to hold in the early and late stages, where less progress seems to have been made. Some of the main findings include the following: the EU is lagging behind the US in the number of health VC deals, with a larger gap in late-stage deals; European deal sizes are below the US, with a larger gap in late-stage deals, the EU has a lower occurrence of co-investment deals, which does not help reduce the gap in health VC deals. Overall, the European health VC market is particularly missing larger-sized investors (investment funds) with late-stage deals. To address this gap, policy attention is needed to identify and reduce barriers for European health VC investors to grow to a critical scale and engage in a higher number and larger-sized deals. All in all, Europe should further develop and strengthen its strongest asset, i.e., its Open Single Market, reducing the fragmentation in flows of venture capital, reaching a truly single European Venture Capital market. For an EU open strategic autonomy industrial policy for health, an open single market for health remains the critical instrument to further develop and monitor.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Brutti, Zelda Freo, Marzia Serlenga, Laura https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322060 2025-07-26T01:35:11Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: New administrative geospatial data for agricultural policy evaluation: An application to EU crop diversity obligations Authors: Brutti, Zelda; Freo, Marzia; Serlenga, Laura Abstract: This study showcases a new class of administrative, geo-spatial data sourced from agricultural subsidy registers as a powerful tool for agricultural policy evaluation. Beyond full national coverage and accurate identification of land use, the key novel feature of GeoSpatial Aid Application (GSAA) data consists in the ability to link agricultural parcels managed by the same farm, enabling causal analysis at the holding level. Using Spanish GSAA data, we evaluate an EU-wide environmental regulation, also unveiling the occurrence of strategic behaviour among a subgroup of farm holdings. We concisely discuss implications for future research endeavours in the agricultural policy domain.

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