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  <title>EconStor Collection:</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/182177" />
  <subtitle />
  <id>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/182177</id>
  <updated>2026-04-28T10:22:08Z</updated>
  <dc:date>2026-04-28T10:22:08Z</dc:date>
  <entry>
    <title>Did early-career complexity increase after labour market deregulation? Heterogeneity by gender and education across cohorts in Italy</title>
    <link rel="alternate" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/214685" />
    <author>
      <name>Struffolino, Emanuela</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Raitano, Michele</name>
    </author>
    <id>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/214685</id>
    <updated>2023-12-31T02:39:50Z</updated>
    <published>2019-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
    <summary type="text">Title: Did early-career complexity increase after labour market deregulation? Heterogeneity by gender and education across cohorts in Italy
Authors: Struffolino, Emanuela; Raitano, Michele
Abstract: This article considers the complexity of ea rly employment life-courses focusing on the heterogeneity by gender and education. We construct 7-year-long early employment trajectories by using a unique longitudinal da taset that combines administrative records on employment episodes and survey data from the Italian module of the EU-SILC. This enables the application of advanced method s in sequence analysis to calculate the complexity of employment trajectories following labour market entry. Complexity reflects the instability of early-careers by consid ering the number of transitions between employment states and the length of each epis ode. We compare several cohorts of Italian workers who entered the labo ur market between 1974 and 2001 in institutional contexts characterized by different levels of deregu lation. The results demonstrate that early-career complexity increased across cohorts, but mostly for medium and lower-educated individuals. This dynamic is particularly pr onounced for women, and complexity is the highest for recent cohorts, especially among those with less human capital.</summary>
    <dc:date>2019-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Is there only one way out of in-work poverty? Difference by gender and race in the US</title>
    <link rel="alternate" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/214684" />
    <author>
      <name>Struffolino, Emanuela</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Van Winkle, Zachary</name>
    </author>
    <id>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/214684</id>
    <updated>2023-12-26T02:55:45Z</updated>
    <published>2019-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
    <summary type="text">Title: Is there only one way out of in-work poverty? Difference by gender and race in the US
Authors: Struffolino, Emanuela; Van Winkle, Zachary
Abstract: The persistency of in-work povert y during the last de cades challenges the idea that employment is sufficient to escape poverty. Research has focused on the risk factors associated with in-work poverty, but scholars know little about individu als' experiences after exiting it. The Sequence Analysis Multistate Model proced ure is applied to three high-qual ity longitudinal data sources (NLSY79, NLSY97, and PSID) to establish a typo logy of employment pathways out of in-work poverty and estimate how gender and race are asso ciated with each pathway. We identify five distinct pathways characterized by varying de grees of labor market attachment, economic vulnerability, and volatility. White men are most likely exit in-work poverty into stable employment outside of poverty, while Black men and women likely remain vulnerable and at-risk of social exclusion as well as recurrent spells of in-work poverty. Gender and race differences persist even after controlling for la bor market related characteristics and family demographic behavior.</summary>
    <dc:date>2019-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Social location matters: Inequality in work and family life courses at the intersection of gender and race</title>
    <link rel="alternate" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10419/182178" />
    <author>
      <name>Aisenbrey, Silke</name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <name>Fasang, Anette Eva</name>
    </author>
    <id>https://hdl.handle.net/10419/182178</id>
    <updated>2023-11-29T02:19:42Z</updated>
    <published>2018-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
    <summary type="text">Title: Social location matters: Inequality in work and family life courses at the intersection of gender and race
Authors: Aisenbrey, Silke; Fasang, Anette Eva
Abstract: Which constraints and privileges do members of empowered or disempowered groups face in combining work and family life courses? To address this timely and highly relevant question, we empirically analyze work and family life courses at the intersection of gender and race in the United States. We use longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY) to study parallel work-family trajectories of white and African American men and women combining an intersectional comparison with a quantitative life course perspective. Results from recent innovations in sequence analysis including Mantel coefficients and multichannel sequence analysis show distinct work-family patterns for the four groups. Overall the association between work and family life courses for white men is weakest. They can combine any type of family trajectories with all possible work careers. In contrast, for black men high prestige careers are only accessible if they are in stable relationships with maximum one child. For black women we find the strongest association between family lives and careers characterized by high occupational prestige almost never occur for them. For white women the highest prestige work-family life course pattern goes along with late parenthood and / or childlessness. We contribute to the literature by identifying complex population level regularities in intersectional inequalities in longitudinal work and family life courses. Uncovering complex population level regularities that are not immediately visible are an important precondition for assessing the causes and consequences of social inequality in work-family life courses.</summary>
    <dc:date>2018-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </entry>
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