https://hdl.handle.net/10419/179542 2026-10-30T21:03:17Z 2026-10-30T21:03:17Z Macana, Esmeralda Correa Mirolli, Thamires Zaboto Silva, Ana Luíza Farage Lazaretti, Lauana Rossetto Bianchi, Lorenzo Luiz Frio, Gustavo Saraiva França, Marco Túlio Aniceto https://hdl.handle.net/10419/329580 2025-10-22T07:07:15Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Do children study longer depending on their parents' level of engagement? An analysis of factors related to Brazilian students' engagement Authors: Macana, Esmeralda Correa; Mirolli, Thamires Zaboto; Silva, Ana Luíza Farage; Lazaretti, Lauana Rossetto; Bianchi, Lorenzo Luiz; Frio, Gustavo Saraiva; França, Marco Túlio Aniceto Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this article is to investigate factors related to the time students spent on remote activities during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. Specifically, it analyzes whether the school's relationship with the family and the guardians' support are associated with longer study times for children and youth. Design/methodology/approach: This was performed using an ordered logit model on data from two waves of the survey Remote Education in the Perspective of Students and Their Families (PENP) with a nationally and regionally representative sample of Brazilian public school students. Findings: Results show the importance of contact between the school and the family and, to a greater extent, the direct support of parents or guardians. The odds of learners spending more hours studying increase 36% when schools provide guidance for parents and guardians; in turn, when they provide support for students during activities, these odds increase 144%. Originality/value: Moreover, students spend more time doing school activities in the later years of elementary school, high school and when they attend a state school.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Padhi, Satya P. https://hdl.handle.net/10419/329579 2025-10-22T07:08:03Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Structural change and employment growth in India: reinterpreting 'manufacturing as an engine of growth' Authors: Padhi, Satya P. Abstract: Purpose: The present paper aims to highlight how manufacturing expansions under conditions of increasing returns, which involve the growth of intermediate goods specializations, support advanced service employment. In addition, the increasing use of manufacturing products in services highlights additional, new service sector employment opportunities. Design/methodology/approach: This paper investigates (1) the manufacturing and service interactions and (2) the investment behaviour in manufacturing using Auto-Regressive Distributed lags (ARDL) and Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models. The models allow for different specifications to study whether investment behaviour in manufacturing supports dynamic manufacturing and service interactions. Findings: The results underpin how Kaldorian manufacturing as an engine of growth is still relevant in Indian growth and is key to achieving higher advanced employment, export-orientation and services and manufacturing nexus outcomes. What matters, though, is that manufacturing investments are to be guided mainly by intermediate goods specializations. The slowdown of these specializations, explaining the slowdown of manufacturing investment, is therefore, a concern. Originality/value: A reinterpretation of manufacturing as an engine of growth in which primacy is given to investment behaviour in technical progress functions that can support the growth of specializations in manufacturing and such specialized service employment.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Abaidoo, Rexford Agyapong, Elvis Kwame https://hdl.handle.net/10419/329582 2025-10-22T07:06:56Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Financial market uncertainty and the macro economy: the role of governance and institutional quality Authors: Abaidoo, Rexford; Agyapong, Elvis Kwame Abstract: Purpose: The study examines the impact of macroeconomic risk and volatility associated with key macroeconomic indicators on financial market uncertainty; and the extent to which governance and institutional structures moderate such relationships. Design/methodology/approach: The study employs data from 33 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) for the period between 1996 and 2019. Variable derivation techniques such as the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) for deriving volatility data, and the principal component analysis (PCA) for index construction were employed. The data is examined using the two-step system generalized method of moments (TS-SGMM) technique. Findings: Empirical results suggest that macroeconomic risk and exchange rate volatility heighten financial market uncertainty among economies in the sub-region. Further empirical estimates show that institutional quality and government effectiveness have a negative moderating effect on the nexus between macroeconomic risk, inflation uncertainty, GDP growth, exchange rate, and financial market uncertainty. Practical implications The key macroeconomic conditions with the propensity to foment financial market uncertainty are worth monitoring with adequate buffers to mitigate their impacts on the financial market. Originality/value: Compared to related studies, this study focuses on uncertainty associated with financial markets among emerging economies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) instead of the performance of the financial markets or specific financial market indicators such as the stock market; and the extent to which a host of macroeconomic conditions influence such uncertainty. For instance, Abaidoo and Agyapong (2023) focused on the impact of macroeconomic indicators or conditions on the performance of the financial market and the efficiency of financial institutions respectively instead of the uncertainty or risk associated with the financial market as pursued in the current study. This differing approach is pursued with the goal of proffering appropriate strategies for policy makers towards assuaging the financial market risk (uncertainty) due to macroeconomic dynamics. We further examine how the various fundamental relationships may be moderated by effective governance and institutional quality.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Ferreira, Pedro Cavalcanti Gonçalves https://hdl.handle.net/10419/329578 2025-10-22T07:06:53Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Market power and wages: evidence from Brazil Authors: Ferreira, Pedro Cavalcanti Gonçalves Abstract: Purpose: The paper examines the impact of market power on wages within the context of a developing country, focusing on Brazil. Design/methodology/approach: With access to matched employer-employee data from Brazil, we first characterized the evolution of the local labor market concentration (Municipality Herfindahl-Hirschman Index [HHI]). Then, we built a fixed-effect model with instrumental variables to verify the association between the local labor market concentration and wages. Finally, a difference-in-difference (DiD) was implemented to verify whether a merger transaction impacted the workers' earnings in the Brazilian banking sector. Findings: The paper's findings suggest that there may be a negative relationship between market power and workers' earnings. Originality/value: This research conducted an in-depth investigation of the labor market power in a developing country. As far as we know, our work is the first to evaluate the extension of local concentration in Brazilian formal labor markets and to illustrate its evolution over the last decades. Additionally, when going through the effects of market concentration on wages, we use a new identification strategy that explores changes in the HHI that are caused by national trends in an industry as a source of exogenous variation. Finally, the last part of the paper assesses the effects of antitrust policy on the labor market, a kind of investigation that is still scarce.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z