Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/93434 
Year of Publication: 
2014
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 4627
Publisher: 
Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo), Munich
Abstract: 
For carbon-intensive, internationally-traded industrial goods, a unilateral increase in the domestic CO2 price may result in the reduction of the domestic production but an increase of imports. In such sectors as electricity, cement or steel, the trade flows result more from short-term regional disequilibria between supply and demand than from international competition. This paper formalizes this empirical observation and characterizes its impact on leakage. Domestic firms invest in home plants under uncertainty; then, as uncertainty unfolds, they may source the home market from their home plants or from imports. We prove that there would be no leakage in the short-term (without capacity adaptation) but there would be in the long-term (with capacity adaption). Furthermore, the larger the uncertainty the larger the leakage is. We also characterize the impacts of uncertainty on the (short-term and long-term) pass-through rates. In the concluding section we discuss the implications of these results for the evaluation of climate policies.
Subjects: 
carbon leakage
demand fluctuations
capacity decisions
JEL: 
D81
D92
Q56
L13
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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