Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/74857 
Year of Publication: 
2011
Series/Report no.: 
LICOS Discussion Paper No. 294
Publisher: 
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, LICOS Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance, Leuven
Abstract: 
This article reviews beer production, consumption and the industrial organization of breweries throughout history. Monasteries were the centers of the beer economy in the early Middle Ages. Innovation and increased demand later induced the growth of commercial breweries. Globalization and scientific discoveries transfirmed the beer industry and increased competition from the 16th through the 19th century. The 20th century was characterized by dramatic (domestic and international) consolidation, major shifts in consumption patterns, and the re-emergence of small breweries.
Subjects: 
economic history
history of beer
monasteries
innovation and taxation in brewing
modern brewing
consolidation and globalization
JEL: 
N30
N40
L23
L66
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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