Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/57282 
Year of Publication: 
2012
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 3769
Publisher: 
Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo), Munich
Abstract: 
The European Court of Justice (ECJ) is a very powerful court compared to other international courts and even national courts of last resort. Observers almost unanimously agree that it is the preliminary references procedure that made the ECJ the powerful court it is today. In this paper, we analyze the determinants that lead national courts to use the procedure. We add to previous studies by constructing a comprehensive panel dataset (1982-2008), including more potentially relevant explanatory variables and by testing for the robustness of previous results. In addition to confirming the relevance of variables previously found significant, we identify a number of additional determinants, including the relevance of agriculture to a country, corporate tax rate, familiarity with EU law, and tenure of democracy.
Subjects: 
European Court of Justice
economic analysis of court behavior
preliminary reference procedure
JEL: 
H77
K33
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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