EconStor Community: Saarland University, CSLE - Center for the Study of Law and Economics
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/205
Saarland University, CSLE - Center for the Study of Law and Economics2024-03-19T10:13:26ZHuman trafficking and the effectiveness of asylum policies
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/28013
Title: Human trafficking and the effectiveness of asylum policies
Authors: Monheim, Jenny
Abstract: We investigate the effects of restrictive asylum policies on the number and group composition of asylum seekers. We model the choices of refugees and traffickers about whether to migrate and to apply for asylum. Counter-intuitively, restrictive asylum policies do not lead to a reduction in the inflow of refugees or to a better selection of asylum seekers. Instead, we show that under conditions outside the control of policy makers these policies can increase the number of asylum claims and the number of refugees working in slave-like conditions and prevent some of those most in need of protection from accessing it.2008-01-01T00:00:00ZFighting cartels: some economics of council regulation (EC) 1/2003
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/28014
Title: Fighting cartels: some economics of council regulation (EC) 1/2003
Authors: Will, Birgit E.; Schmidtchen, Dieter
Abstract: This paper investigates the effectiveness of the new Council Regulation (EC) 1/2003 which replaces the mandatory notification and authorization system by a legal exception system. Effectiveness is operationalized via the two subcriteria compliance to Art. 81 EC Treaty and the probabilities of type I and type II errors committed by the European Commission. We identify four different types of Perfect Bayesian Nash Equilibria: fullcompliance, zero-compliance, positive-compliance and full-deterrence. We show that the Commission can, in principle, hit the full-compliance equilibrium, where the cartelizing firms fully obey the requirements of Art 81(3) EC Treaty and both error probabilities are zero.2008-01-01T00:00:00ZVereinheitlichung des Vertragsrechts in Europa - eine Lösung auf der Suche nach dem Problem? Die Sicht der Neuen Institutionenökonomik
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/23090
Title: Vereinheitlichung des Vertragsrechts in Europa - eine Lösung auf der Suche nach dem Problem? Die Sicht der Neuen Institutionenökonomik
Authors: Schmidtchen, Dieter
Abstract: It is the purpose of the paper to shed light on the question to what extent there is a need for a unified contract law in the European Union. The paper outlines a concept of constitutional uncertainty in international trade and presents a model of international transactions in the presence of a diversity of legal orders and the territoriality of law. The model is used to identify the problems emerging in contracts and the contracting process due to factors such as the multitude of legal orders and the territoriality of law. Next, the economic arguments in favour of and against harmonisation are discussed. In weighing up the costs that full harmonisation generates against the costs of constitutional uncertainty the paper considers the arguments in favour of the diversity of law to be stronger from an efficiency point of view. The paper makes a plea for freedom of choice of contract law and a free movement of judgements in the European Union. Both conditions are necessary and sufficient for a proper functioning of the internal market – but, as a matter of fact, both conditions are already met.2007-01-01T00:00:00ZThe internalisation of external costs in transport: from the polluter pays to the cheapest cost avoider principle
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/28012
Title: The internalisation of external costs in transport: from the polluter pays to the cheapest cost avoider principle
Authors: Schmidtchen, Dieter; Koboldt, Christian; Monheim, Jenny; Will, Birgit E.; Haas, Georg
Abstract: The European Commission mandated the consulting firm CE Delft to develop a framework for the internalisation of external costs and to devise a number of potential internalisation scenarios for further analysis. The results of their preliminary research are published in a CE discussion paper, and the Commission is now formulating draft legislative proposals which will be subjected to a consultation of stakeholders. The present report offers a critical assessment of the above mentioned CE study, providea a theoretical examination of the relative strengths and weaknesses of the polluter pays principle and the cheapest cost avoider principle in relation to the problems arising in the road transport sector, demonstrates how the cheapest cost avoider principle can be applied in practice by providing examples of external costs in road transport, and puts forward recommendations for the appropriate principles that should guide the Commission's further activities in this area.2007-01-01T00:00:00Z