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Autor:innen: 
Erscheinungsjahr: 
2014
Schriftenreihe/Nr.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 7955
Verlag: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Zusammenfassung: 
With the 1967 reform, Canada's immigration policy changed from a country-preference system to a points system. The latter provides points according to applicants' education level but abstracts from the quality of their education. This paper considers the points system, the country-preference system, as well as a system that includes both educational quantity and quality and is termed the "๐‘ž2 points system." It focuses on the policies' impact on immigrants' average productive human capital ย– the product of educational quality and quantity ย– or skill level, ๐‘†๐‘ฅ (for policy ๐‘ฅ). It shows, among others, that i) ๐‘†๐‘ฅ is greater under the ๐‘ž2 system than under the points system (๐‘†๐‘ž > ๐‘†โ„Ž); ii) a switch from a points system to a ๐‘ž2 system results in a human capital gain or net brain gain for Country 1 (the high-education quality country) and a loss or net brain drain for Country 2; iii) ๐‘†๐‘ฅ is greater under the country-preference system than under the points system (๐‘†๐‘ > ๐‘†โ„Ž); iv) whether ๐‘†๐‘ฅ is greater under the ๐‘ž2 or the country-preference system is ambiguous, with ๐‘†๐‘ž >(<) ๐‘†๐‘ if the quality of education in Country 1 relative to Country 2 is higher (lower) than the degree of preference for migrants from Country 1 relative to Country 2; and v) an increase in education quality in the high- (low-) quality source country has a positive (ambiguous) impact on ๐‘†๐‘ฅ under all three policies and the impact is larger under the ๐‘ž2 than under the points system.
Schlagwรถrter: 
points system
country-preference system
education quantity-quality system
Canadian immigration policy
human capital impact
JEL: 
F22
I20
Dokumentart: 
Working Paper

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