Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/33760 
Year of Publication: 
2006
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 2462
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This paper examines rates of return to schooling in Kazakhstan using OLS and instrumental variable (IV) methodologies. We use spouse's education and smoking as instruments. We find that spouse's education is a valid instrument and that conventional OLS estimates that assume the exogenous nature of schooling, and hence do not control for endogeneity bias, may underestimate the true rates of return. The results indicate that the returns to schooling in Kazakhstan have increased with transition. This may reflect the relative scarcities of highly educated people in Kazakhstan with human capital that employers require and, following the market reforms, reward accordingly.
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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