Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/333617 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 18178
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This paper examines the effect of the Brexit process on international student migration from the European Union (EU) to the United Kingdom (UK). Using administrative data on higher education students in the UK, we employ a dynamic and a synthetic difference-in-differences estimator to compare EU to non-EU students. We show that the Brexit referendum itself and the introduction of visa requirements did not affect EU student migration. However, the introduction of higher tuition fees led to a large reduction in EU student applications to UK universities and colleges, and, subsequently, a decline in place offers, student acceptances, and enrolments. The effect ranges from 48% to 64%. Our findings suggest that increased tuition fees acted as a deterrent for EU students wanting to study in the UK.
Subjects: 
Brexit
European Union
international student mobility
synthetic difference-in-differences
United Kingdom
higher education
JEL: 
J61
C21
O15
I28
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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