Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/280754 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
Accountancy, Economics, and Finance Working Papers No. 2023-01
Publisher: 
Heriot-Watt University, Department of Accountancy, Economics, and Finance, Edinburgh
Abstract: 
Air pollution is a global public health threat, responsible for more deaths annually than conventional lifestyle risk factors. While the link between particulate pollution and cardiovascular disease is well-established, evidence for gaseous pollutants remains limited. This study estimates the long-term population effects of a gaseous pollutant - SO2 - from 1901 to 1975 in a panel comprising 29 countries distributed globally, contributing to the under-explored literature on its cardiovascular disease mortality impact. Across a comprehensive range of empirical specifications, we observe a robust economically and statistically significant rise in cardiovascular disease mortality for an increase in SO2 emissions. We also contribute to the literature on economic growth and long-term health outcomes. Our historical perspective aligns with the call for more research on the effects of air pollution in developing nations. We highlight a complex trade-off: greater SO2 emissions increases cardiovascular disease mortality but leads to short-term regional cooling and reduced global warming and as such its abatement may contribute to future climate-related deaths.
Subjects: 
Air pollution
Cardiovascular disease mortality
Economic growth
Environmental Kuznets Curve
Global public health
SO2 emissions
JEL: 
I15
N30
N50
Q53
Q54
Q56
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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