Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/271526 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
KBA Centre for Research on Financial Markets and Policy Working Paper Series No. 65
Publisher: 
Kenya Bankers Association (KBA), Nairobi
Abstract: 
Against the backdrop of climate-mitigation and green growth policies as well as regulations to account for climate-related risks in the financial sector, this study employs the Computable General Equilibrium model and Merton's Distance to Default model to study the implications of Kenya transitioning to a low carbon economy through introduction of a carbon tax on a carbon intensive sector. The study finds that a carbon tax would result in rise in general prices, and lower investment to GDP. These adverse effects are offset by a rise in real GDP and narrower fiscal and current account balances supported by a rise in government revenue and higher exports in low-carbon intensive sectors. A carbon tax policy would have adverse effects of declining output and income of firms in carbon intensive sectors. These adverse effects are varied which hedges the probability of default of a bank portfolio and allows for natural diversification to mitigate the adverse effects of such a policy for the banking sector. The carbon tax may also increase resilience in low carbon intensive firms where a bank may have exposures thus mitigating the environmental risks for these banks' exposures. From the findings, the paper persuades policymakers to consider a carbon tax rather than an emission trading system as a key carbon mitigation policy.
Subjects: 
Green finance
Transition Risks
Carbon Pricing
Probability of Default
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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