Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/261923 
Year of Publication: 
2022
Citation: 
[Journal:] BRQ Business Research Quarterly [ISSN:] 2340-9436 [Volume:] 25 [Issue:] 2 [Publisher:] Sage Publishing [Place:] London [Year:] 2022 [Pages:] 193-209
Publisher: 
Sage Publishing, London
Abstract: 
Based on the optimal board independence theory, we analyze how Spanish listed firms determine the presence of genuine and gray independent directors. We classify independents as gray whenever they do not satisfy formal independence requirements. Given the findings in previous literature, this type of gray independent does not promote poor corporate governance practices. Our results suggest that the presence of gray and genuine independent directors is related to the optimal board independence determinants as if both provided real board independence. Results are not affected by the number and the type of unsatisfied independence criteria, nor by the firm's achievement of regulators' recommended level of board independence. Therefore, we conclude that firms pay little attention to formal independence requirements to reach their optimal board structure.
Subjects: 
Corporate governance
gray board independence
optimal board independence
formal independence requirements
JEL: 
G30
G34
K22
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by-nc Logo
Document Type: 
Article

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