Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/25282 
Year of Publication: 
2008
Series/Report no.: 
SFB 649 Discussion Paper No. 2008,042
Publisher: 
Humboldt University of Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649 - Economic Risk, Berlin
Abstract: 
Comparing groups with respect to hypothetical constructs requires that the measurement models are equal across groups. Otherwise conclusions drawn from the observed indicators regarding differences at the latent level (mean differences, differences in the structural relations) might be severly distorted. This article provides a state of the art on how to apply multi-group confirmatory factor analysis to assess measurement invariance. The required steps in the analysis of the observed indicator means and variances/covariances are described, placing special emphasis on how to identify noninvariant indicators. The procedure is demonstrated considering the construct brand strength (Brand Potential Index”, BPI®) introduced by GfK Market Research as an example.
Subjects: 
Measurement invariance
partial metric invariance
multi-group confirmatory
factor analysis
Brand strength
JEL: 
C31
C51
C81
M31
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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