Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/252272 
Year of Publication: 
2022
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 15148
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This paper examines the impact of unemployment on out-migration by distinguishing between return and onward migration and controlling for total earnings. We use Timing-of-Events models and control for the endogeneity of total earnings, unemployment and out-migration using administrative data from the Netherlands. Our findings suggest that unemployment triggers return migration more than onward migration. When total earnings are low unemployment increases the hazard of return migration. When total earnings are high the hazard rate of onward migration for unemployed immigrants increases. Thus, these findings highlight that out-migration is affected both by unemployment and by total earnings as well as by the interaction between the two.
Subjects: 
migration dynamics
temporary migration
target savers
unemployment
JEL: 
F22
J61
C41
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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