Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/245762 
Year of Publication: 
2021
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 14711
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This paper examines how the COVID-19 pandemic affected female employment in Japan. Our estimates indicate that the employment rate of married women with children decreased by 4 percentage points, while that of those without children decreased by only 1 percentage point, implying that increased childcare responsibilities caused a sharp decline in mothers' employment. Further, mothers who left or lost their jobs appear to have dropped out of the labor force even several months after school reopening. In contrast to women, the employment rate of married men with children was not affected, which hindered progress in narrowing the employment gender gap.
Subjects: 
labor force participation
employment
gender gap
COVID-19
childcare
JEL: 
D13
J13
J16
J21
Document Type: 
Working Paper

Files in This Item:
File
Size
8.15 MB





Items in EconStor are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.