Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/243463 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
2021
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Policy Paper No. 177
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This letter discusses the evolution of key labour market indicators in the EU-27 countries between 2019 and 2020, i.e. between the year before the COVID-19 crisis broke out and the year in which it impacted the economy heavily. Whereas earlier policy-oriented studies have dealt with the evolution of unemployment in 2020, often country by country, this letter focuses on the evolution of unemployment as well as inactivity across European countries. Indeed, previous crises have typically lead not only to more unemployment but also to larger numbers of discouraged unemployed and thus more inactivity. It appears that the Southern European countries, in particular, recorded increases in inactivity, while the Baltic States experienced higher unemployment. In many other countries, unemployment and inactivity remained remarkably stable despite COVID-19.
Subjects: 
unemployment
inactivity
employment
COVID-19
iceberg decomposition
disincentive effect
JEL: 
J64
J08
J23
J24
J68
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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