Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/215367 
Year of Publication: 
2020
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 12971
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
Rising inequality in the United States has raised concerns about potentially widening gaps in educational achievement by socio-economic status (SES). Using assessments from LTT-NAEP, Main-NAEP, TIMSS, and PISA that are psychometrically linked over time, we trace trends in achievement for U.S. student cohorts born between 1954 and 2001. Achievement gaps between the top and bottom quartiles of the SES distribution have been large and remarkably constant for a near half century. These unwavering gaps have not been offset by improved achievement levels, which have risen at age 14 but have remained unchanged at age 17 for the past quarter century.
Subjects: 
student achievement
inequality
socio-economic status
United States
NAEP
TIMSS
PISA
JEL: 
H4
I24
J24
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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