Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/147912 
Year of Publication: 
2016
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 10226
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
We study Virginia's suffrage from the early 17th century until the American Revolution using an analytical narrative and econometric analysis of unique data on franchise restrictions. First, we hold that suffrage changes reflected labour market dynamics. Indeed, Virginia’s liberal institutions initially served to attract indentured servants from England needed in the labour-intensive tobacco farming but deteriorated once worker demand subsided and planters replaced white workers with slaves. Second, we argue that Virginia's suffrage was also the result of political bargaining influenced by shifting societal coalitions. We show that new politically influential coalitions of freemen and then of small and large slave-holding farmers emerged in the second half of the 17th and early 18th centuries, respectively. These coalitions were instrumental in reversing the earlier democratic institutions. Our main contribution stems from integrating the labour markets and bargaining/coalitions arguments, thus proving a novel theoretical and empirical explanation for institutional change.
Subjects: 
democracy
suffrage
colonialism
bargaining
coalitions
Virginia
JEL: 
D02
N31
N41
P16
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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