Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/80625 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
2013
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 7432
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This study examines the long-term correlates of bullying in school with aspects of functioning in adult employment outcomes. Bullying is considered and evaluated as a proxy for unmeasured productivity, and a framework is provided that outlines why bullying might affect employment outcomes through differences in skills and traits. Using Bivariate and Heckit models we employ a variety of specifications and find several interesting patterns. The regression outcomes suggest that labour force participation, employment rate and hourly wages are negatively affected by bullying. In addition, men, homosexuals, immigrants, unmarried people, those having higher negative mental health symptoms, and those having lower human capital are more negatively affected by bullying in terms of labour force participation, employment probability, and hourly wages. Moreover, Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions suggest that labour force participation gaps, employment gaps and hourly wage gaps between minority and majority groups, especially for gay men and the disabled, can be explained by bullying incidents. It seems likely that having been a victim of bullying also has economic implications later in life due to withdrawal from the labour market and lower wages.
Subjects: 
bullying
personality traits and processes
human capital
labour force
employment
wages
JEL: 
E24
J21
J24
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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