Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/58873 
Year of Publication: 
2012
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 6279
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
Many organizations rely on teamwork, and yet field evidence on the impacts of team-based incentives remains scarce. Compared to individual incentives, team incentives can affect productivity by changing both workers' effort and team composition. We present evidence from a field experiment designed to evaluate the impact of rank incentives and tournaments on the productivity and composition of teams. Strengthening incentives, either through rankings or tournaments, makes workers more likely to form teams with others of similar ability instead of with their friends. Introducing rank incentives however reduces average productivity by 14%, whereas introducing a tournament increases it by 24%. Both effects are heterogeneous: rank incentives only reduce the productivity of teams at the bottom of the productivity distribution, and monetary prize tournaments only increase the productivity of teams at the top. We interpret these results through a theoretical framework that makes precise when the provision of team-based incentives crowds out the productivity enhancing effect of social connections under team production.
Subjects: 
rank incentives
team-based incentives
teams
tournaments
JEL: 
D23
J33
M52
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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