Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/46315 
Year of Publication: 
2010
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 3179
Publisher: 
Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo), Munich
Abstract: 
The Ifo Business Climate is the most important indicator for the business cycle in Germany. In 1993 the connection between the two components of the business climate - business situation and business expectations - was graphically portrayed by Ifo in a 4-quadrant scheme: the Ifo Business Cycle Clock. Today similar monitoring systems are firmly established and are presented by Eurostat, the OECD and others. The German Federal Statistical Office presents the real GDP in a 4-quadrant scheme. In the following, important qualities of the Ifo Business Cycle Clock are shown. The importance of orthogonal functions for the circular correlation is examined.
Subjects: 
Ifo business climate
growth cycle
circular correlation
linear-circular correlation
temporal disaggregation
JEL: 
E32
C32
C39
C22
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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