Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/36136 
Year of Publication: 
2009
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 4558
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
We study whether cultural attitudes towards gender, the young, and leisure are significant determinants of the evolution over time of the employment rates of women and of the young, and of hours worked in OECD countries. Beyond controlling for a larger menu of policies, institutions and structural characteristics of the economy than has been done so far, our analysis improves upon existing studies of the role of culture for labor market outcomes by dealing explicitly with the endogeneity of attitudes, policies and institutions, and by allowing for the persistent nature of labor market outcomes. When we do all this we find that culture still matters for women employment rates and for hours worked. However, policies and other institutional or structural characteristics are also important. Attitudes towards youth independence, however, do not appear to be important in explaining the employment rate of the young. In the case of women employment rates, the policy variable that is significant along with attitudes, is the OECD index of employment protection legislation. For hours worked the policy variables that play a role, along with attitudes, are the tax wedge and unemployment benefits. The quantitative impact of these policy variables is such that changes in policies have at least the potential to undo the effect of variations in cultural traits on labor market outcomes.
Subjects: 
Culture
policies
institutions
employment
hours
JEL: 
J16
J22
J23
Z1
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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