Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/31761 
Year of Publication: 
2009
Series/Report no.: 
Jena Economic Research Papers No. 2009,019
Publisher: 
Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Max Planck Institute of Economics, Jena
Abstract: 
Empirical analyses show that the employment effects of start-ups are highest in agglomerations, whereas moderately congested areas exhibit only modest effects, and weak or even no significant effects could be found in rural regions. This paper will set out to show that these discrepancies arise from specific characteristics of urban areas. The magnitude of the employment effects of entry in agglomerations can, therefore, be regarded as a further kind of agglomeration benefit which has not been discussed in the literature yet. In particular, it is explained how the distinct characteristics of urban areas contribute to the emergence of high-quality start-ups that are known to cause larger employment effects than other types of new businesses. In addition, this paper argues that the relatively intense competition in urban areas further stimulates the economic effects of new business formation in agglomerations.
Subjects: 
Entrepreneurship
new business formation
regional development
entrepreneurship policy
JEL: 
M13
O1
O18
R11
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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